草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 832-840.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.04.006

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

温带典型草原土壤理化性质及微生物量对放牧强度的响应

邬嘉华1,2, 王立新1,2, 张景慧1,3, 卓义1,2, 武胜男1,2, 王凤歌1,2, 徐智超1,2, 祁瑜4, 温璐1,2,3   

  1. 1. 内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010021;
    2. 内蒙古自治区河流与湖泊生态重点实验室, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010021;
    3. 内蒙古大学草地生态学国家重点实验, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010021;
    4. 内蒙古自治区环境科学研究院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010011
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-05 修回日期:2018-06-15 出版日期:2018-08-15 发布日期:2018-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 温璐
  • 作者简介:邬嘉华(1993-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生态和生态修复研究,E-mail:wujiahua1003@outlook.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（31400391）；国家自然科学基金地区科学基金项目（31560146）；内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目（2016MS0330）；第57批中国博士后科学基金面上项目（2015M571289）；内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目（2017BS0311）；国家自然科学基金项目（71640027）资助

Response of Soil Properties and Microbial Biomass to Different Grazing Intensities in Temperate Typical Steppe

WU Jia-hua1,2, WANG Li-xin1,2, ZHANG Jing-hui1,3, ZHUO Yi1,2, WU Sheng-nan1,2, WANG Feng-ge1,2, XU Zhi-chao1,2, QI Yu4, WEN Lu1,2,3   

  1. 1. School of Ecology & Environmental, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, China;
    2. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010021, China;
    4. Inner Mongolia Institute of Environmental Science, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010011, China
  • Received:2018-03-05 Revised:2018-06-15 Online:2018-08-15 Published:2018-09-20

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摘要： 为了研究不同放牧强度对草地土壤理化性质及微生物量的影响，本文以内蒙古温带典型草原为研究对象，设置了4个放牧梯度：对照（围封）、28只羊每月放牧3天（轻度）、6天（中牧）、12天（重牧），采用控制实验分析了不同放牧处理下草原土壤理化性质和土壤微生物量之间的相关关系。结果表明：放牧强度和土壤深度均对土壤pH值、硝态氮和速效磷含量产生极显著影响（P<0.01），土壤总氮和总有机碳含量受放牧强度极显著影响（P<0.01），轻牧处理含量显著高于其他处理样地。土壤微生物量碳、磷含量受放牧强度影响显著（P<0.05）。因子分析及相关分析结果表明，土壤MBP含量与土壤因子F1（TN，AN，NO3--N，TOC，AP，NH4+-N）极显著正相关（P<0.01），土壤MBN含量与土壤因子F1显著正相关（P<0.05），说明MBN和MBP与土壤理化指标之间具有统一性，微生物量氮、磷可以灵敏地反映出放牧强度变化下的土壤理化性质和微生物生物量的变化。

关键词: 土壤理化性质, 土壤微生物生物量, 放牧强度, 温带典型草原

Abstract: In order to study the effects of different grazing intensity on soil physical and chemical properties and microbial biomass of grassland,taking the typical steppe of temperate zone in Inner Mongolia as the research object,and set up 4 grazing gradients:control (enclosure),28 sheep grazing 3 days (mild grazing),6 days (moderate grazing) and 12 days (severe grazing). The relationship between physical and chemical properties of grassland soil and biological properties of grassland under different grazing conditions is analyzed by control experiments. The results showed that:Grazing intensity and soil depth had a significant effect on soil pH,nitrate nitrogen and available phosphrous (P<0.01). The total soil nitrogen and total organic carbon content were significantly affected by grazing intensity (P<0.01).The content of light grazing was significantly higher than that of other treatment plots. The content of soil microbial biomass carbon and phosphorus content were significantly affected by grazing intensity (P<0.05). Factor analysis and correlation analysis showed that the soil MBP content was significantly positively correlated with soil factors F1 (TN,AN,NO3--N,TOC,AP,NH4+-N)(P<0.01),and the soil MBN content was positively correlated with soil factor F1 (P<0.05). It shows that MBN and MBP have unity with soil physical and chemical indexes. Microbial biomass nitrogen and phosphorus can sensitively reflect the changes of soil physical and chemical properties and microbial biomass under the change of grazing intensity.

Key words: Soil physical and chemical properties, Soil microbial biomass, Grazing intensity, Typical temperate steppe

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