关键词: 光伏电站, 高通量测序, 土壤理化性质, 土壤微生物, 生态预测

Abstract: To investigate the impact of photovoltaic power stations on soil bacterial communities in alpine meadow regions, the photovoltaic area （PV）, grazing-prohibited non-photovoltaic area （E） and free grazing area （G） were set up in the Maqu photovoltaic test station that has been in operation for 5 years. The microclimatic characteristics, soil physicochemical properties, and soil bacterial community compositions in each zone were comprehensively assessed. Furthermore, the influence of environmental factors on the structure and diversity of soil bacterial communities was examined. The results indicated that the predominant bacterial phyla identified across all zones were Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, and Bacteroidota. The dominant genus were Candidatus-Udaeobacter and RB41, and their abundances were significantly different. The α diversity index of soil bacteria exhibited a distinct pattern, with the highest diversity observed in the grazing-prohibited non-photovoltaic area （E）, followed by the photovoltaic area （PV）, and the lowest diversity in the freely grazed area （G）. The presence of photovoltaic power stations had a notable influence on the metabolic functional pathways of soil microorganisms, particularly by enhancing the abundance of bacterial species associated with assimilation processes. Soil evaporation, water content, total nitrogen, and organic matter were identified as the primary factors affecting the diversity of soil bacterial communities in alpine meadows. In conclusion, photovoltaic power stations significantly altered the composition and diversity of soil bacterial communities by modifying the microclimate and soil environment of alpine.

Key words: Photovoltaic power station, High-throughput sequencing, Soil physicochemical properties, Soil microorganisms, Ecological prediction