关键词: 施肥, 退化草地, 植被特征, 植被恢复

Abstract: Grassland degradation has seriously affected the development of animal husbandry in alpine pastoral areas of Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Fertilization is a common measure to improve mildly degraded grassland. This study used the mild degraded meadow in Guinan county as the research area,in 2011,applied different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer (0,60,105,150,195 and 240 kg·hm^-2) and bacterial fertilizer (45 m³·hm^-2) to explore the effects of fertilization on the coverage,height and aboveground biomass of the degraded meadow from 2011 to 2012. The results showed that fertilization could effectively improve the community coverage,height and total aboveground biomass in the lightly degraded meadow,and the improvements were significantly (P<0.01) better in 2012 than in 2011. The effect of 45 m³·hm^-2 bacterial fertilizer treatment was better in 2011,while 195 kg·hm^-2 nitrogen fertilizer treatment was better in 2012,the total aboveground biomass was the highest from July to October 2012,which was 44.3%,97.1%,123.0% and 135.4% higher than no fertilizer treatment,respectively. Different grass species have different responses to fertilization. For 195 kg·hm^-2 nitrogen fertilizer,grass aboveground was higher than sedge in 2011,while sedge biomass was higher than grass in 2012. In summary,nitrogen application of 195 kg·hm^-2 combined with fenced enclosure can be used for vegetation restoration in Guinan county.

Key words: Fertilizer application, Degraded meadow, Vegetation characteristic, Vegetation restoration