草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 1436-1443.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.05.031

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    下一篇

草种配置对高寒人工草地群落多样性和生产力的影响

张慧敏1, 李希来1,2,3, 李兰平1,2,3, 张静1,2,3   

  1. 1. 青海大学农牧学院, 青海 西宁 810016;
    2. 青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810016;
    3. 青海-广东自然资源监测与评价联合实验室, 青海 西宁 810016
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-23 修回日期:2020-05-12 发布日期:2020-09-19
  • 通讯作者: 李希来
  • 作者简介:张慧敏(1996-),女,山东菏泽人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生态与环境保护研究,E-mail:704894804@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0504803）；青海省科学技术厅项目（2018-ZJ-781，2017HZ-802）；国家自然科学基金面上项目（31872999）；高等学校学科创新引智计划（D18013）；省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室自主课题（2016-ZZ-04）；青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室开放课题（2018-QZH-K06）共同资助

Effects of Species Combination on Community Diversity and Productivity of Alpine Artificial Grassland

ZHANG Hui-min1, LI Xi-lai1,2,3, LI Lan-ping1,2,3, ZHANG Jing1,2,3   

  1. 1. College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan Ecology and Plateau Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016;
    3. Qinghai-Guangdong Joint Laboratory of Natural Resources Monitoring and Evaluation, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016
  • Received:2020-03-23 Revised:2020-05-12 Published:2020-09-19

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摘要： 本试验在黄河源区河南县研究了不同播种物种数（1，3，6，9，12，15）草种组合的人工群落配置对植被群落多样性和生产力的影响，旨在找到最优的群落配置组合，以期为今后人工草地的科学管理和退化草地快速恢复提供理论依据。研究结果表明：与对照相比，人工草地建植第1年和第2年植被地上生物量均显著（P<0.05）增加，其中3个草种组合的地上生物量最高。各处理物种丰富度、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数﹑均匀度指数在第1年和第2年之间差异不显著（P>0.05），其中9个草种组合的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数最大。人工草地建植第1年播种物种数与地上生物量呈显著正相关（P<0.05），而在第2年无显著相关关系。播种物种数与物种丰富度﹑Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和均匀度指数在2018年和2019年均呈显著正相关（P<0.05）。在2018年，地上生物量与物种丰富度和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均无显著相关关系，在2019年，线性关系表现为极显著负相关（P<0.01），地上生物量和均匀度指数在2018年和2019年均呈显著负相关（P<0.05）。综上，在高寒人工草地建植初期，以生产力为主时，建议选择3物种组合；以多样性为主时，建议选择9物种组合。

关键词: 黄河源区, 草种组合, 人工草地, 退化高寒草甸

Abstract: In order to find the best species composition and provide theoretical basis for the scientific management of artificial grassland and rapid restoration of degraded grassland,the effects of different combinations of grass species (1,3,6,9,12,15) on the diversity and productivity of vegetation community in Henan County,the source area of the Yellow River were studied. The results showed that the aboveground biomass of the artificial grassland increased significantly (P<0.05) in the first year and the second year,among which the aboveground biomass of three grass species combinations was the highest. There was no significant difference in species richness,Shannon-Wiener diversity index and evenness index between the first year and the second year (P>0.05),among which the Shannon-Wiener diversity index of 9 grass combinations was the largest. There was a significant positive correlation between the number of species sown in the first year and the aboveground biomass (P<0.05),but no significant correlation in the second year. The number of species sown was positively correlated with species richness,Shannon-Wiener diversity index and evenness index in 2018 and 2019 (P<0.05). In 2018,there was no significant correlation between aboveground biomass and species richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. In 2019,the linear relationship showed a very significant negative correlation (P<0.01),and the above ground biomass and evenness index showed a significant negative correlation (P<0.05) in 2018 and 2019. In conclusion,in the early stage of alpine artificial grassland establishment,when the productivity is the main factor,it is suggested to select 3 species combinations,and when the diversity is the main factor,it is suggested to select 9 species combinations.

Key words: Source area of the Yellow River, Grass species combination, Artificial grassland, Degraded alpine meadow

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