草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 1484-1488.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2020.05.037

• 研究专报 • 上一篇    

现蕾期氮添加对菊芋生物量及物质分配规律的影响

黄佳媛, 沃野, 杨宁, 林志玲, 卢轩, 赵力兴, 李天琦, 高凯   

  1. 内蒙古民族大学, 内蒙古 通辽 028043
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-18 修回日期:2020-06-28 发布日期:2020-09-19
  • 通讯作者: 高凯
  • 作者简介:黄佳媛(1996-),女,汉族,硕士研究生,研究方向为饲草高产栽培与利用,E-mail:1602447704@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区草原英才项目（CYYC20005）；内蒙古自治区科技储备项目（2018MDCB03）；内蒙古自治区科技英才项目（NJYT15B17）资助

Effects of Nitrogen Addition in Bud Stage on Biomass and Substance Distribution of Jerusalem Artichoke

HUANG Jia-yuan, WO Ye, YANG Ning, LIN Zhi-ling, LU Xuan, ZHAO Li-xing, LI Tian-qi, GAO Kai   

  1. Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028043, China
  • Received:2020-05-18 Revised:2020-06-28 Published:2020-09-19

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摘要： 本研究通过对现蕾期菊芋（Helianthus tuberosus L.）进行氮添加处理，测定其根系、茎秆、叶片、花、块茎等器官生物量，计算茎叶比、根冠比等相关指标，探讨现蕾期氮添加对菊芋各器官生物量及物质分配规律的影响，以期为科尔沁沙地菊芋氮肥管理提供参考。结果表明：随着施氮量的增加，地上生物量呈现先升高-降低-升高-降低的变化趋势，地下生物量和总生物量均呈现先降低-升高-降低的变化趋势，菊芋地上生物量、总生物量、茎生物量和叶生物量的最大值均出现在添加量为78.75 Kg·N·hm-2处理下，值分别为368.6633 g·plant-1，503.0667 g·plant-1，158.64 g·plant-1，208.84 g·plant-1；随着施氮量的增加菊芋根比重、花比重、块茎比重、根冠比均有显著差异，而茎比重、叶比重、茎叶比差异不显著；在不施氮条件下菊芋的根系、块茎产量达到最高，根冠比最大，根比重最大。综合来看，科尔沁沙地菊芋饲草利用最佳施氮肥量是78.75 Kg·N·hm-2。

关键词: 菊芋, 氮肥, 现蕾期, 生物量, 器官比重

Abstract: To explore the effect of nitrogen addition in bud stage on biomass of various organs and material distribution of Jerusalem artichoke, and provide reference for management of nitrogen fertilizer of Jerusalem artichoke in Horqin sandy land,the biomass of roots,stems,leaves,flowers and tubers of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) treated with nitrogen in bud stage were measured and the relevant indexes such as the stem/leaf ratio,the root/shoot ratio,etc were calculated. The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application,the changing pattern of aboveground biomass,underground biomass,total biomass were increase-decrease-increase-decrease,decrease-increase-decrease and decrease-increase-decrease,respectively. Aboveground biomass,total biomass,biomass of the stem and leaves reached the highest values of 368.6633 g·plant-1,503.0667 g·plant-1,158.64 g·plant-1,and 208.84 g·plant-1, respectively,when treated with 78.75 Kg·N·hm-2. There were significant differences in proportion of root,proportion of flower,proportion of tuber and the root/shoot ratio with the increase of nitrogen application,however,there was no significant difference in proportion of stem,proportion of leaf and the stem/leaf ratio;The yield of root and tuber of Jerusalem artichoke reached the highest,and the root/shoot and proportion of root of Jerusalem artichoke were the largest without nitrogen treatment. Overall,the optimal amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied in the forage of Horqin sandy Jerusalem artichoke was N3(78.75 kg·N·hm-2).

Key words: Jerusalem artichoke, Nitrogen fertilizer, Budding stage, Biomass, Proportion of Organs

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