草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (12): 4129-4138.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.12.025

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

光伏电站建设对温带荒漠植被和土壤的影响

于耀鑫1, 纪童1, 何国兴1, 李娅丽1, 漆昊1, 杨卓丽1, 李佳缙1, 肖建华1, 石亚飞1, 马世军2, 王海礁3, 柳小妮1   

  1. 1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院干旱区生态安全与可持续发展重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    2. 中国电建集团北京勘测设计研究院有限公司, 北京 100000;
    3. 内蒙古华电腾格里绿色能源有限公司巴彦浩特光伏分公司, 内蒙古 阿拉善左旗 750300
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-02 修回日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 柳小妮,E-mail:liuxn@gsau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:于耀鑫(1999-),男,汉族,河南漯河人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生态研究,E-mail:2978242554@qq.com;
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃农业大学草地生态系统教育部重点实验室揭榜挂帅项目(KLGE-2024-01);甘肃省草原监测评价(GSZYTC-ZCJC-21010);2021年自列省级林业和草原科技项目(2021kj071);甘肃省新一轮草原补奖效益评估及草原生态评价研究(XZ20191225);2023年提前批中央财政林业改革发展资金草原科技支撑项目“河西走廊脆弱生态区草原生态健康评估”(2023211)项目资助;沙戈荒新能源大基地防沙治沙与生态修复区范围、风沙输移、新材料新技术、技术集成示范研究(GSAU-JSFW-2024-116)资助

Impact of Photovoltaic Power Station Construction on Temperate Desert Vegetation and Soil

YU Yao-xin1, JI Tong1, HE Guo-xing1, LI Ya-li1, QI Hao1, YANG Zhuo-li1, LI Jia-jin1, XIAO Jian-hua1, SHI Ya-fei1, MA Shi-jun2, WANG Hai-jiao3, LIU Xiao-ni1   

  1. 1. Pratacultural College, Gansu Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Pratacultural Ecosystem, Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    2. Power China Beijing Engineering Corporation Limited, Beijing 100000, China;
    3. Inner Mongolia Huadian Tengger Green Energy Co., Ltd. Bayanhot Photovoltaic Branch, Alxa League, Inner Mongolia 750300, China
  • Received:2025-01-02 Revised:2025-02-20 Published:2025-12-01

摘要: 光伏电站作为清洁能源迅速发展,但其建设对荒漠生态系统的影响尚不明确。本研究以甘肃民勤红沙岗运行7年的光伏电站为对象,调查光伏板下(Under the photovoltaic panels,BX)、板间(Between photovoltaic panels,BJ)及未受干扰区(CK)的植被特征及土壤理化性质,并分析其相互关系。结果表明:BX和CK的物种Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Simpson优势度指数、植被盖度及地上生物量均高于BJ;BX和BJ的土壤含水量、有机质、速效钾、速效磷含量增加,而pH值、电导率降低;植被盖度、地上生物量与土壤电导率显著负相关。总体而言,光伏电站运行7年后改善了土壤理化性质,并促进了物种多样性和生物量增加。本研究为荒漠地区光伏开发的生态影响评估及可持续管理提供了科学依据。

关键词: 光伏电站, 温性荒漠, 土壤理化性质, 物种多样性, 生物量

Abstract: Photovoltaic (PV) power stations are expanding rapidly as a clean energy source, yet their ecological impacts on desert ecosystems remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we examined the effects of a PV power station, operating for seven years in Hongshagang, Minqin, Gansu Province, on vegetation characteristics and soil physicochemical properties. And, three site types beneath PV panels (BX), between PV panels (BJ), and an undisturbed control area (CK) were investigated. The results showed that the Margalef richness index, Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Simpson dominance index, vegetation cover, and aboveground biomass were higher in BX and CK than in BJ. The soil moisture content, organic matter, available potassium, and available phosphorus increased in BX and BJ, whereas pH and electrical conductivity decreased Vegetation coverage and aboveground biomass were significantly negatively correlated with soil electrical conductivity. Overall, after seven years of operation, the PV power station improved soil physicochemical properties and enhanced species diversity and biomass accumulation. These findings provide valuable insights into the ecological effects of PV development in desert regions, offering guidance for sustainable PV station management and ecological restoration.

Key words: Photovoltaic power station, Temperate desert, Soil physicochemical properties, Species diversity, Biomass

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