草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 2277-2286.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.06.030

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

荒漠草原优势种与功能群的关联性对放牧强度的响应

张慧1, 吕世杰1, 张帆1, 刘红梅2, 李治国1, 韩国栋1   

  1. 1. 内蒙古农业大学, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010018;
    2. 内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-09 修回日期:2025-12-03 发布日期:2026-06-02
  • 通讯作者: 李治国,E-mail:nmndlzg@163.com
  • 作者简介:张慧(2001-),女,汉族,内蒙古赤峰人,硕士研究生,主要从事草原管理与放牧生态研究,E-mail:zh010423@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发项目-基于生态和经济双赢的草地-家畜系统可持续管理研究（2024YFE0113100）；国家自然科学基金项目（32260352）；林业科研能力提升项目（104004002）；创新平台载体（人才）计划项目“内蒙古自治区草地管理与利用重点实验室（2022PT0003）资助

Response of the Correlation between Dominant Species and Functional Groups to Grazing Intensity in Desert Steppe

ZHANG Hui1, Lü Shi-jie1, ZHANG Fan1, LIU Hong-mei2, LI Zhi-guo1, HAN Guo-dong1   

  1. 1. Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010018, China;
    2. Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Science, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010010, China
  • Received:2025-10-09 Revised:2025-12-03 Published:2026-06-02

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摘要： 放牧是影响荒漠草原生态系统结构与功能的关键人为干扰，目前研究多集中于物种或功能群单一层次的响应，缺乏对二者关联格局随干扰梯度变化的系统解析。本研究以内蒙古短花针茅（Stipa breviflora）荒漠草原为对象，设置4种载畜率梯度，通过测定植物种群特征并划分功能群，采用灰色关联度分析优势种[短花针茅、无芒隐子草 （Cleistogenes songorica）、冷蒿（Artemisia frigida）]与功能群（生活型、光合型、根系型）的关系。结果表明：（1）优势种对放牧响应各异，短花针茅和无芒隐子草耐牧性强，冷蒿随载畜率增加显著衰退；（2）多年生禾草（PG）在群落中始终占主导，C4功能群在中度放牧时表现最优，主根系（ARS）对放牧敏感；（3）放牧强度调控优势种与功能群的关联格局：轻度放牧（LG）下二者关联最紧密，中度放牧（MG）下优势种贡献最大，重度放牧（HG）则导致功能群关联减弱、群落简化。本研究揭示了优势种与功能群对放牧的动态响应，为干旱区草地管理提供了科学依据。

关键词: 荒漠草原, 优势种群, 功能群, 关联度

Abstract: Grazing is a key human disturbance affecting the structure and function of desert steppe ecosystem. Most of the current studies focus on the response of species or functional groups at a single level， and there is a lack of systematic analysis of the changing patterns of the correlation between the two with the change of disturbance gradient. In this study， Stipa breviflora desert steppe in Inner Mongolia was taken as the object， and four stocking rate gradients were set up. By measuring the characteristics of plant populations and dividing functional groups， the relationship between dominant species （Stipa breviflora， Cleistogenes songorica， Artemisia frigida） and functional groups （life form， photosynthetic type， root type） was analyzed by grey correlation degree. The results showed that： （1） The dominant species had different responses to grazing. Stipa breviflora and Cleistogenes songorica had strong grazing tolerance， and Artemisia frigida decreased significantly with the increase of stocking rate. （2） Perennial grass （PG） was always dominant in the community， C4 functional group performed the best under moderate grazing， and the axis root system （ARS） was sensitive to grazing. （3） Grazing intensity regulated the association pattern of dominant species and functional groups： the two were the most closely related under light grazing （LG）， the dominant species contributed the most under moderate grazing （MG）， and heavy grazing （HG） led to the weakening of functional group association and community simplification. This study revealed the dynamic response of dominant species and functional groups to grazing， and provided a scientific basis for grassland management in arid areas.

Key words: Desert grassland, Dominant populations, Function groups, Correlation degree

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