氮磷添加对三江源地区禾豆混播作物根际微生物的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.010

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 2450-2460.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.010

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

氮磷添加对三江源地区禾豆混播作物根际微生物的影响

冯廷旭¹, 张琳², 林伟山², 李菲², 刘若琪², 向雪梅², 魏希杰², 德科加^1,2

1. 青海大学, 青海西宁 810016;
2. 青海省畜牧兽医科学院, 青海西宁 810016

收稿日期:2025-09-24 修回日期:2025-10-29 发布日期:2026-07-02
通讯作者: 德科加，E-mail:dekejia1002@163.com
作者简介:冯廷旭（1994-），男，汉族，甘肃武威人，博士研究生，主要从事草种质资源与利用研究，E-mail:fengtingxu141377@163.com
基金资助:
称多县饲草供给及冷季牲畜利用提质增效技术集成与示范（2024-NK-137）；称多县一年生人工草地养分调控技术研究与示范（2025-NK-P27）；青海大学三江源生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站资助

Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition on Rhizosphere Microorganisms of Leguminous and Gramineae Mixed-Cropped Plants in the Sanjiangyuan Region

FENG Ting-xu¹, ZHANG Lin², LIN Wei-shan², LI Fei², LIU Ruo-qi², XIANG Xue-mei², WEI Xi-jie², DE Ke-jia^1,2

1. Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
2. Qinghai Provincial Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China

Received:2025-09-24 Revised:2025-10-29 Published:2026-07-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究施肥对三江源禾豆混播系统根际微生物的影响，本研究以燕麦（Avena sativa）+饲用豌豆（Pisum sativum）为对象，设置施氮（A₁）、施磷（A₂）、氮磷混施（A₃）及不施肥（CK）的随机区组试验。于乳熟期测定土壤养分、根系形态，并采用高通量测序分析微生物群落。结果表明：A₂处理下根系体积与根瘤菌数量比CK处理分别提高了11.15%和9.49%（P<0.05）：A₃处理下根系表面积比CK处理提高63.37%（P<0.05）。韦恩图结果表明A₁处理下土壤真菌数量明显增加，其占比为28.89%，CK处理占比19.12%；A₂处理的α多样性指数与β多样性指数均表明磷肥显著提高了土壤中的真菌数量，生态系统趋于稳定；真菌功能群预测结果表明氮磷添加后土壤真菌结构与数量会向腐生型转变。综上所述，氮磷添加提高了根系形态参数与土壤微生物数量及结构，且磷肥更有利于优化三江源地区人工草地根系形态与微生物群落结构。

关键词: 三江源地区, 外源肥料添加, 人工草地, 禾豆混播, 根系生态系统

Abstract: To investigate the effect of fertilization on the rhizosphere microorganisms of the barley-pea mixed cropping system in the Sanjiangyuan region， this study took barley （Avena sativa） and forage pea （Pisum sativum） as the research objects. A randomized block experiment including nitrogen application （A₁）， phosphorus application （A₂）， nitrogen-phosphorus combined application （A₃）， and no fertilization （CK） was set up. Soil nutrients and root morphology were measured at the milk stage， and microbial communities were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that under the A₂ treatment， the ratio of root volume to rhizobacteria was 11.15% and 9.49% higher than that under the CK treatment （P<0.05）； under the A₃ treatment， the root surface area was 63.37% higher than that under the CK treatment （P<0.05）. The Venn diagram results indicated that the number of soil fungi under the A₁ treatment significantly increased， accounting for 28.89%， compared to 19.12% under the CK treatment； the α diversity index and β diversity index of the A₂ treatment indicated that phosphorus fertilizer significantly increased the number of fungi in the soil， and the ecosystem tended to be stable； the fungal functional group prediction results showed that after adding nitrogen and phosphorus， the structure and quantity of soil fungi shifted towards saprophytic type. In conclusion， nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization improved the root morphology parameters and soil microbial quantity and structure， and phosphorus fertilizer was more conducive to optimizing the root morphology and microbial community structure of the artificial grassland in the Sanjiangyuan region.

Key words: The Sanjiangyuan region, Addition of exogenous fertilizers, Artificial grassland, Mixed sowing of legumes and grasses, Root system ecosystem

中图分类号:

S544
S542

冯廷旭, 张琳, 林伟山, 李菲, 刘若琪, 向雪梅, 魏希杰, 德科加. 氮磷添加对三江源地区禾豆混播作物根际微生物的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2026, 34(7): 2450-2460.

FENG Ting-xu, ZHANG Lin, LIN Wei-shan, LI Fei, LIU Ruo-qi, XIANG Xue-mei, WEI Xi-jie, DE Ke-jia. Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition on Rhizosphere Microorganisms of Leguminous and Gramineae Mixed-Cropped Plants in the Sanjiangyuan Region[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(7): 2450-2460.

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氮磷添加对三江源地区禾豆混播作物根际微生物的影响

Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition on Rhizosphere Microorganisms of Leguminous and Gramineae Mixed-Cropped Plants in the Sanjiangyuan Region

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