叶面喷施磷、钾、锌对梭罗草种子产量的影响及最优组合筛选

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.09.035

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 3517-3524.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.09.035

• 技术研发 • 上一篇

叶面喷施磷、钾、锌对梭罗草种子产量的影响及最优组合筛选

付守全^1,2,3, 蔡宗程^1,2,3, 严虎⁴, 吕亮雨^1,2,3, 李发毅^1,2,3, 保善存^1,2,3, 张海蓉^1,2,3, 施建军^1,2,3

1. 青海大学畜牧兽医科学院, 青海西宁 810016;
2. 青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 青海西宁 810016;
3. 青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室, 青海西宁 810016;
4. 青海省林业工程监理中心有限公司, 青海西宁 810003

收稿日期:2025-11-03 修回日期:2026-01-11 发布日期:2026-09-11
通讯作者: 施建军, E-mail: 378605242@qq.com
作者简介:付守全(2002-),男,汉族,河南信阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事牧草经营管理研究,E-mail:13137602952@163.com
基金资助:
青海省林草局项目（青2024TG02）；国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFC3201600）资助

Effects of Foliar Application of Phosphorus， Potassium， and Zinc on the Seed Yield of Kengyilia thoroldiana and Screening for Optimal Combination

FU Shou-quan^1,2,3, CAI Zong-cheng^1,2,3, YAN Hu⁴, LÜ Liang-yu^1,2,3, LI Fa-yi^1,2,3, BAO Shan-cun^1,2,3, ZHANG Hai-rong^1,2,3, SHI Jian-jun^1,2,3

1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan Ecology and Plateau Agriculture and Animal Husbandry jointly established, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management of Alpine Grassland in Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
4. Qinghai Forestry Engineering Supervision Center Co, Ltd, Xingning, Qinghai Province 810003, China

Received:2025-11-03 Revised:2026-01-11 Published:2026-09-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究旨在探究叶面喷施磷、钾、锌对梭罗草（Kengyilia thoroldiana）种子产量的影响，以突破其扩繁过程中种子产量低的瓶颈。试验设置4个梯度的磷酸二氢钾（KH₂PO₄）施用量[（A₁：30 kg·hm^-2），（A₂：60 kg·hm^-2），（A₃：90 kg·hm^-2），（A₄：120 kg·hm^-2）]，并与定量硫酸锌（ZnSO₄）（6.25 kg·hm^-2）进行叶面配施，测定梭罗草农艺性状、光合特性及种子产量等指标，并采用隶属函数法对各处理进行综合评价，筛选最优配施组合。结果表明，与对照（CK）相比，A₃处理（90 kg·hm^-2 KH₂PO₄+6.25 kg·hm^-2 ZnSO₄）显著提高了梭罗草草层高度、生殖枝高度和旗叶面积，增幅分别为44.45%、45.85%和45.15%。在光合特性方面，A₃处理下旗叶的净光合速率和SPAD值分别较CK显著提高30.72%和54.10%。在种子产量方面，A₃处理种子产量最高，达593.23 kg·hm^-2，较CK增加40.68%。主成分分析和隶属函数分析表明，A₃处理综合评价D值最高，达0.93，其次为A₂处理（60 kg·hm^-2 KH₂PO₄+6.25 kg·hm^-2 ZnSO₄），而CK表现最差。综上，叶面喷施KH₂PO₄与ZnSO₄能够促进梭罗草生长发育，改善光合性能，并提高种子产量。其中，90 kg·hm^-2 KH₂PO₄+6.25 kg·hm^-2 ZnSO₄的联合叶面喷施方案效果最佳，为梭罗草种子生产提供了科学依据。

关键词: 梭罗草, 叶面喷施, 磷酸二氢钾, 硫酸锌, 种子产量, 隶属函数

Abstract: In order to overcome the bottleneck of low seed yield during its propagation process， this study investigated the effects of foliar application of phosphorus （P）， potassium （K）， and zinc （Zn） on the seed yield of Kengyilia thoroldiana. Four gradient levels of potassium dihydrogen phosphate （KH₂PO₄）， including 30 kg·hm^-2 （A₁）， 60 kg·hm^-2 （A₂）， 90 kg·hm^-2 （A₃）， and 120 kg·hm^-2 （A₄）， were combined with a fixed amount of zinc sulfate （ZnSO₄）（6.25 kg·hm^-2） for foliar co-application. Key agronomic traits， photosynthetic characteristics， seed yield， and nutritional quality were systematically evaluated. A membership function analysis was employed to conduct a comprehensive assessment of all treatments， enabling the identification of the optimal fertilization combination. Results showed that compared with control （CK）， the A₃ treatment significantly increased the grass height， reproductive stem height， and flag leaf area of Kengyilia thoroldiana by 44.45%， 45.85%， and 45.15%， respectively. In terms of photosynthetic characteristics， the net photosynthetic rate and SPAD value of the flag leaf under the A₃ treatment were 30.72% and 54.10% higher than those under CK， respectively. Regarding seed yield， the A₃ treatment produced the highest yield， 593.23 kg·hm^-2， which was 40.68% greater than CK. Principal component analysis （PCA） and membership function analysis revealed that the A₃ treatment had the highest comprehensive evaluation D value （0.93）， followed by the A₂ treatment. The CK treatment exhibited the poorest performance in all evaluated parameters. In conclusion， foliar applications of KH₂PO₄ and ZnSO₄ enhanced the growth and development of Kengyilia thoroldiana， improved photosynthetic performance， and increased seed yield. The combined foliar application of 90 kg·hm^-2 KH₂PO₄+6.25 kg·hm^-2 ZnSO₄ demonstrated the most effective outcome， providing a scientific basis for optimizing seed production in Kengyilia thoroldiana.

Key words: Kengyilia thoroldiana, Foliar spraying, Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, Zinc sulfate, Seed yield, Membership function

中图分类号:

S543.9

付守全, 蔡宗程, 严虎, 吕亮雨, 李发毅, 保善存, 张海蓉, 施建军. 叶面喷施磷、钾、锌对梭罗草种子产量的影响及最优组合筛选[J]. 草地学报, 2026, 34(9): 3517-3524.

FU Shou-quan, CAI Zong-cheng, YAN Hu, LÜ Liang-yu, LI Fa-yi, BAO Shan-cun, ZHANG Hai-rong, SHI Jian-jun. Effects of Foliar Application of Phosphorus， Potassium， and Zinc on the Seed Yield of Kengyilia thoroldiana and Screening for Optimal Combination[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(9): 3517-3524.

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叶面喷施磷、钾、锌对梭罗草种子产量的影响及最优组合筛选

Effects of Foliar Application of Phosphorus， Potassium， and Zinc on the Seed Yield of Kengyilia thoroldiana and Screening for Optimal Combination

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