草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 1769-1778.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.08.020

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

圆柏对几种农田杂草及作物的化感潜力分析

李善魁1, 孟焕文1, 李宇晨1, 张海青1, 白雪1, 张宇宽1, 周洪友1, 王千军2, 张笑宇1   

  1. 1. 内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010019;
    2. 乌兰察布市农牧业科学研究院, 内蒙古 集宁 012000
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-18 修回日期:2021-03-16 出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2021-09-06
  • 通讯作者: 张笑宇,E-mail:zxy2000@126.com
  • 作者简介:李善魁(1999-),男,汉族,青海西宁人,本科生,主要从事植物化感作用研究,E-mail:L-shankui@163.com;孟焕文(1963-),男,汉族,内蒙古呼和浩特人,学士,副教授,主要从事植物保护研究,E-mail:mhw526@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系项目（CARS-07-C-3）；内蒙古自治区创新创业训练计划（201910129012）；内蒙古农业大学科技创新基金（KJCX2019007）资助

Analysis of Allelopathic Potential of Sabina chinensis to Several Farmland Weeds and Crops

LI Shan-kui1, MENG Huan-wen1, LI Yu-chen1, ZHANG Hai-qing1, BAI Xue1, ZHANG Yu-kuan1, ZHOU Hong-you1, WANG QIan-jun2, ZHANG Xiao-yu1   

  1. 1. College of Horticulture and Plant Protect, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010019, China;
    2. Wulanchabu Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Jining, Inner Mongolia 012000, China
  • Received:2021-01-18 Revised:2021-03-16 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2021-09-06

PDF

摘要： 为探究圆柏（Sabina chinensis）的化感作用，本研究采用培养皿滤纸法研究圆柏叶片浸提液对地肤（Kochia scoparia）、稗草（Echinochloa crusgalli）、藜（Chenopodium album）、反枝苋（Amaranthus retroflexus）、马齿苋（Portulaca oleracea）5种杂草种子和向日葵（Helianthus annuus）、燕麦（Avena sativa）、油菜（Brassica campestris）、荞麦（Fagopyrum esculentum）4种作物萌发和生长的影响，并用圆柏叶片、树枝、树皮粉末和浸提液进行盆栽抑草效果检测。结果表明：圆柏叶片浸提液对5种杂草种子萌发和幼苗生长具有显著的抑制作用，对地肤、藜、反枝苋萌发及生长的化感效应指数均在-0.98以上；盆栽抑草结果表明，圆柏不同部位对5种杂草种子萌发和稗草及反枝苋株高生长均有较好的抑制作用，叶片化感强度大于树皮和树枝，叶片粉末拌土处理抑草效果好于浸提液叶面喷施；对作物的化感作用结果表明，圆柏叶片浸提液稀释1.5倍时，抑制荞麦种子萌发但不影响其株高及根生长，不影响燕麦种子萌发但降低其株高和根长生长，抑制油菜的发芽势和发芽指数但不影响其种子萌发率，促进油菜株高及根长生长，不影响向日葵种子萌发和生长。综上所述，圆柏具有良好的抑草活性，对作物影响较小。

关键词: 圆柏, 化感作用, 浸提液, 植物粉末, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长

Abstract: To explore the Sabina chinensis allelopathy, Petri dish filter paper method was used to study the effects of leaf extracts of S. chinensis on the germination and growth of 5 kinds of weed seeds (Kochia scoparia, Echinochloa Crusgalli, Chenopodium album, Amaranthus retroflexus, and Portulaca oleracea) and four kinds of crops (Helianthus annuus, Avena sativa, Brassica campestris, and Fagopyrum Esculentum). S. chinensis leaf, branch and bark were selected to prepare powder and extract for pot experiment. The results showed that S. chinensis leaf extract has significant inhibitory effect on 5 kinds of weed germination and growth. Moreover, the response index (RI) to the germination and growth of K. scoparia, C. album and A. retroflexus was more than -0.98. In the pot experiments, different parts of S. chinensis had better inhibitory effects on seed germination of 5 kinds of weeds and plant height of E. crusgalli and A. retroflexus, the allelopathic intensity of leaves was higher than that of bark and branches, and the effect of soil mixed with leaves was better than that of foliar spraying with extract. The results of allelopathic effect on crops showed that the leaf extract of S. chinensis inhibited the germination of F. esculentum seeds when it was diluted by 1.5 times, but did not affect the plant height and root growth. The seed germination of A. sativa was not affected, but plant height and root length were inhibited. The germination potential and germination index of B. campestris were inhibited, the seed germination rate was not affected, and the plant height and root length growth were promoted. The seed germination and growth of H. annuus were not affected. In all, S. chinensis had good herbicidal activity but little effect on crops at a certain concentration.

Key words: Sabina chinensis, Allelopathy, Water extract, Plant powder, Seed germination, Seedling growth

中图分类号: