坡向对青藏高原高寒草地植被分布格局和牧草品质特征的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.12.020

草地学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (12): 2792-2799.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.12.020

坡向对青藏高原高寒草地植被分布格局和牧草品质特征的影响

姚喜喜¹, 周睿², 李长慧¹, 多杰索南¹

1. 青海大学农牧学院, 青海西宁 810016;
2. 青海大学畜牧兽医科学院, 青海西宁 810016

收稿日期:2021-09-22 修回日期:2021-10-31 出版日期:2021-12-15 发布日期:2022-01-06
作者简介:姚喜喜(1989-)，男，甘肃庆阳人，博士，讲师，硕士研究生导师，主要从事草地生态学与草食动物营养学交叉学科研究，E-mail:18993075304@163.com
基金资助:
泽曲国家公园湿地保护与恢复项目（2020-Z-1）；青海大学科研启动费资金项目（41510406）资助

Effects of Slope Aspect on Vegetation Distribution Pattern and Forage Quality Characteristics of Alpine Grassland in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

YAO Xi-xi¹, ZHOU Rui², LI Chang-hui¹, DUOJIE Suo-nan¹

1. College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
2. Academy of animal husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China

Received:2021-09-22 Revised:2021-10-31 Online:2021-12-15 Published:2022-01-06
Contact: 周睿,E-mail:13893632442@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究不同坡向草地植被构成和牧草品质特征，本研究对青藏高原东北缘不同坡向高寒草甸植被构成和牧草营养特征进行分析。结果表明：阴坡（Shady aspect，SHA）植物物种数和盖度显著高于阳坡（Sunny aspect，SUA）和山脊（Ridge，RI）；SHA草地植物群落物种丰富度指数和多样性指数显著高于SUA和RI；禾本科、莎草科和可食杂类草地上生物量在SHA显著高于SUA和RI，不可食牧草地上生物量在RI显著高于SHA和SUA；植物中粗灰分（Crude ash，ASH）、粗脂肪（Ether extract，EE）、粗蛋白（Crude protein，CP）、钙含量（Calcium，Ca）、干物质消化率（Dry matter digestibility，DMD）、代谢能（Metabolic energy，ME）和可食牧草营养品质指数（Nutritional quality index，NQI）在SHA显著高于SUA，粗纤维（Crude fiber，CF）、中性洗涤纤维（Neutral detergent fiber，NDF）和酸性洗涤纤维（Acid detergent fiber，ADF）含量在SUA显著高于RI和SHA。建议在高寒草地的利用中，采用NQI评价草地营养价值，并考虑植物分布和营养品质在不同坡向的变化，实现精细化管理。

关键词: 高寒草甸, 坡向, 植物群落特征, 牧草营养品质

Abstract: To clarify the effects of slope direction on plant community characteristics and forage nutritional quality,the vegetation composition and forage nutritional quality of alpine meadows with different slope directions on the northeast edge of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were analyzed. The results showed that the number of plant species and vegetation coverage on the shady aspect was significantly higher than those on the sunny aspect and ridge. The species richness index and diversity index of plant communities on the shady aspect were significantly higher than those on the sunny aspect and ridges. The aboveground biomass of inedible herbage was significantly different among different slopes and showed the trend of RI>SHA>SUA. Among the edible forage groups,except leguminous grasses,Gramineae,Cyperaceae,and edible miscellaneous grasses showed significant differences in different slope directions,showing the trend of SHA>SUA>RI. The crude ash,crude fat,crude protein,dry matter digestibility,metabolic energy,and nutritional quality index of plants in the shady aspect were significantly higher than those in ridges and sunny aspect. The contents of crude fiber,neutral detergent fiber,and acid detergent fiber in the sunny aspect were significantly higher than those in ridges and shady aspect. Therefore,in the process of alpine meadow utilization,it is suggested to adopt a comprehensive index of forage nutrient quality to evaluate the grassland nutrient value quickly,and comprehensively consider the changes of plant community characteristics and nutrient quality in different slope directions,to realize fine management according to local conditions.

Key words: Alpine meadow, Slope, Plant community characteristics, Nutritional quality

中图分类号:

S431.14

姚喜喜, 周睿, 李长慧, 多杰索南. 坡向对青藏高原高寒草地植被分布格局和牧草品质特征的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(12): 2792-2799.

YAO Xi-xi, ZHOU Rui, LI Chang-hui, DUOJIE Suo-nan. Effects of Slope Aspect on Vegetation Distribution Pattern and Forage Quality Characteristics of Alpine Grassland in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2021, 29(12): 2792-2799.

0
/ / 推荐

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/CN/10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.12.020

https://manu40.magtech.com.cn/Jweb_cdxb/CN/Y2021/V29/I12/2792

参考文献

[1] 马钢,王平,王冬雪,等.高寒灌丛土壤温室气体释放对添加不同形态氮素的响应[J].草业学报,2015,24(3):20-29
[2] 朱烨,方秀琴.青藏高原植被覆盖度与地形相关性分析[J].地理空间信息,2015,13(6):135-137,15
[3] TANG Z,FANG J,CHI X,et al. Patterns of plant beta-diversity along elevational and latitudinal gradients in mountain forests of China[J]. Ecography,2013,35(12):1083-1091
[4] FYLLAS N M,BENTLEY L P,SHENKIN A,et al. Solar radiation and functional traits explain the decline of forest primary productivity along a tropical elevation gradient[J]. Ecology Letters,2017,20(6):730-740
[5] 黄瑞灵,周华坤,刘泽华,等.坡向与海拔对青海省拉鸡山不同植被土壤种子库的影响[J].生态学杂志,2013,32(10):2679-2686
[6] 刘兴元,龙瑞军.藏北高寒草地生态补偿机制与方案[J].生态学报,2013,33(11):3404-3414
[7] LONG R J. Functions of ecosystem in the Tibetan grassland[J]. Science&Technology Review,2007,25(9):26-28
[8] MCCAINC C M. Global analysis of reptile elevational diversity[J]. Global Ecology and Biogeography,2010(19):541-553
[9] 刘旻霞,赵瑞东,张灿,等.亚高寒草甸植物叶片生理指标对坡向的响应[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(9):2863-2869
[10] 方精云.探索中国山地植物多样性的分布规律[J].生物多样性,2004(1):7-10,1
[11] GONG X,BRUECK H,GIESE K M,et al. Slope aspect has effects on productivity and species composition of hilly grassland in the Xilin River Basin,Inner Mongolia,China[J]. Journal of Arid Environments,2008,72(4):483-493
[12] 王彦龙,王晓丽,马玉寿.坡向对长江源区高寒草地植被生长和土壤养分特征的影响[J].草业科学,2018,35(10):2336-2346
[13] 刘旻霞.甘南高寒草甸植物元素含量与土壤因子对坡向梯度的响应[J].生态学报,2017,37(24):8275-8284
[14] NIU Y,ZHOU J,YANG S,et al. The effects of topographical factors on the distribution of plant communities in a mountain meadow on the Tibetan Plateau as a foundation for target-oriented management[J]. Ecological indicators,2019,106(11):105532
[15] 李博.生态学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004:118-119
[16] 字洪标,阿的鲁骥,马力,等.高寒草甸不同类型草地群落根土比、土壤养分变化[J].西南农业学报,2016,29(12):2916-2921
[17] 向泽宇,陈瑞芳,蒋忠荣,等.川西北高寒草甸对火烧干扰的短期响应[J].草业科学,2014,31(11):2034-2041
[18] 姚喜喜,才华,刘皓栋,等.不同季节高寒草甸牧草瘤胃发酵特性和体外消化率分析[J].草地学报,2021,29(8):1729-1737
[19] 王斌,董秀,李满有,等.不同播量拉巴豆与青贮玉米混播对草地生产性能及牧草品质的影响[J].草地学报,2021,29(4):828-834
[20] 姚喜喜,孙海群,李长慧,等.高寒草原天然牧草营养品质近红外光谱预测模型的建立[J].动物营养学报,2021,33(7):4088-4097
[21] 姚喜喜,宫旭胤,张利平,等.放牧和长期围封对祁连山高寒草甸优势牧草营养品质的影响[J].草地学报,2018,26(6):1354-1362
[22] TILLEY J M A,TERRY R A. A two-stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops[J]. Grass and forage science,1963,18(2):104-111
[23] RIDLEY E J,Todd G W. Anatomical variations in the wheat leaf following internal water stress[J]. Botanical Gazette,1966,127(4):235-238
[24] 芦光新,陈秀蓉,王军邦,等.气候变化对青藏高原高寒草地生态系统草丛-地境界面微生物的影响研究进展[J].草地学报,2014,22(2):234-242
[25] YING L X,SHEN Z H,PIAO S L,et al. Terrestrial surface-area increment:the effects of topography,DEM resolution,and algorithm[J]. Physical Geography,2014,35(4):297-312
[26] 刘洋,张健,杨万勤.高山生物多样性对气候变化响应的研究进展[J].生物多样性,2009,17(1):88-96
[27] 牛钰杰,周建伟,杨思维,等.坡向和海拔对高寒草甸山体土壤水热和植物分布格局的定量分解[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(5):1489-1497
[28] 贾鹏.青藏高原高寒草地群落物种多样性、生产力及其影响因素的研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2019:52-55
[29] 刘玉祯,刘文亭,冯斌,等.坡向和海拔对高寒山地草甸植被分布格局特征的影响[J].草地学报,2021,29(6):1166-1173
[30] LIU B. Vertical patterns in plant diversity and their relations with environmental factors on the southern slope of the Tianshan Mountains (middle section) in Xinjiang (China)[J]. Journal of Mountain Science,2017(14):742-757
[31] MORIN P J. Biodiversity's ups and downs[J]. Nature,2000(406):463-464
[32] 刘旻霞,王刚,盛红梅.高寒草甸阳坡-阴坡梯度上环境因子特征及其与地上生物量和物种丰富度的关系[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2013,49(1):76-81
[33] 聂莹莹,李新娥,王刚.阳坡-阴坡生境梯度上植物群落α多样性与β多样性的变化模式及与环境因子的关系[J].兰州大学学报(自然科学版),2010,46(3):73-79
[34] 张雅,尹小君,王伟强,等.基于Landsat 8 OLI遥感影像的天山北坡草地地上生物量估算[J].遥感技术与应用,2017,32(6):1012-1021
[35] 周婉诗,张楚婷,周志平,等.植被分布的海拔与纬度相互关系模式的校正[J].中国科学:生命科学,2021,51(3):334-345
[36] 王婧.延河流域植物群落结构对环境梯度变化的响应[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011:75-79
[37] ELEEN M,O'BRIEN. Climatic gradients in woody plant (tree and shrub) diversity:water-energy dynamics,residual variation,and topography[J]. OIKOS,2000,89:3
[38] 徐长林.坡向对青藏高原东北缘高寒草甸植被构成和养分特征的影响[J].草业学报,2016,25(4):26-35
[39] MYSTERUD A,YOCCOZ N G,LANGVATN R,et al. Hierarchical path analysis of deer responses to direct and indirect effects of climate in northern forest[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,2008,363(1501):2357-2366
[40] 黄锋华,董宽虎.白羊草灌丛草地植物量及优势种牧草营养动态研究[J].草原与草坪,2007(2):14-17

坡向对青藏高原高寒草地植被分布格局和牧草品质特征的影响

Effects of Slope Aspect on Vegetation Distribution Pattern and Forage Quality Characteristics of Alpine Grassland in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	许静, 李文龙, 吴鑫悦, 罗佳宁, 廖元成. 青藏高原高寒草甸种子萌发行为沿海拔梯度的分异特征[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 10-18.
[2]	佘延娣, 杨晓渊, 马丽, 张中华, 王党军, 黄小涛, 马真, 姚步青, 周华坤. 退化高寒草甸植物群落和土壤特征及其相互关系研究[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 62-71.
[3]	姚喜喜, 才华, 李长慧. 封育和放牧对高寒草甸植被群落特征和土壤特性的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 128-136.
[4]	张振华, 刘振杰, 陈白洁, 李以康. 枯落物添加对三江源区退化高寒草甸土壤碳矿化的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 156-164.
[5]	姚喜喜, 王立亚, 严振英, 张文娟, 孙海群, 周睿. 放牧对温性荒漠草原植物群落特征与牧草营养品质的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 165-172.
[6]	黄彩霞, 芦光新, 李欣, 范月君, 周华坤, 王英成, 王志慧, 姚世庭. 产漆酶真菌对高寒草甸土壤有机质矿化特性的研究[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 173-178.
[7]	石国玺, 王芳萍, 马丽, 张中华, 王弋博, 汪之波, 姚步青, 周华坤. 长期、短期增温对高寒草甸AM真菌群落结构的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 179-189.
[8]	姚喜喜, 肖锋, 祁守忠, 陈国明, 王立亚, 严振英, 张文娟, 孙海群. 高寒草甸植被群落特征及其营养品质对围栏封育的响应[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 208-217.
[9]	姚世庭, 芦光新, 周华坤, 张海娟, 颜珲璘, 王军邦. 模拟增温对高寒草甸土壤性质的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(S1): 218-224.
[10]	王占青, 张杰雪, 杨雪莲, 黄霞, 陈斯亮, 乔有明. 高寒草甸不同斑块草地土壤微生物多样性特征研究[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(9): 1916-1926.
[11]	向雪梅, 德科加, 冯廷旭, 魏希杰, 王伟, 徐成体. 三江源区高寒草甸草场植被和土壤对外源氮素输入的响应[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(9): 2010-2016.
[12]	刘晶晶, 尹亚丽, 李世雄, 赵文, 董怡玲, 苏世锋. 不同调控措施对中度退化高寒草甸植被及土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(9): 2074-2080.
[13]	段丽辉, 刘晓丽, 韩冰, 位晓婷, 才仁措, 邵新庆. 乡土物种补播对青藏高原高寒草甸群落稳定性的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(8): 1793-1800.
[14]	王明涛, 方江平, 包赛很那, 苗彦军, 王向涛, 赵玉红, 谢文栋, 仓木德吉. 藏北燕麦草地持续利用与撂荒对高寒草甸土壤特征的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(8): 1801-1808.
[15]	张万通, 李超群, 于露, 邵新庆. 植物根际促生菌菌肥在高寒草甸替代化肥效应研究[J]. 草地学报, 2021, 29(7): 1423-1429.