草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 3113-3118.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2022.11.029

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

青藏高原高寒草甸退化演替进程中植被斑块特征

霍佳娟1,2, 朱珏妃1, 宋明华1, 李以康3, 徐兴良1, 周华坤3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    3. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 青海 西宁 810008
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-10 修回日期:2022-06-24 发布日期:2022-12-02
  • 通讯作者: 宋明华,E-mail:songmh@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:霍佳娟(1998-)，汉族，女，内蒙古自治区乌兰察布人，硕士研究生，主要从事全球变化与高寒草甸生态系统响应研究，E-mail：huojj.20s@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0302)；中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA2005010401)资助

Characteristics of Vegetation Patches in the Process of Degradation Succession in an Alpine Meadow on Tibet Plateau

HUO Jia-juan1,2, ZHU Jue-fei1, SONG Ming-hua1, LI Yi-kang3, XU Xing-liang1, ZHOU Hua-kun3   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810008, China
  • Received:2022-05-10 Revised:2022-06-24 Published:2022-12-02

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摘要： 为揭示斑块属性及各属性之间的关系、优势植物组成对高寒草甸退化进程的指示作用，本研究在青海省果洛州玛沁县选取轻度、中度、重度、侵蚀4个退化阶段的高寒草甸，以斑块为单元开展样带尺度调查。结果表明：沿退化进程极大斑块和大斑块的相对面积、数量在侵蚀阶段显著下降，中等面积斑块和小斑块相对面积和数量在重度退化和侵蚀阶段显著增加。斑块组成中中等面积斑块变化最显著。嵩草和杂类草混合生长斑块面积随退化进程显著下降，杂类草优势斑块面积增加，并且只有杂类草优势斑块的周长和数量随退化进程显著增加。总斑块周长-面积比沿退化进程显著增加。其中，杂类草占优势的斑块周长-面积比呈先下降后增加趋势。综上，中等面积植被斑块的空间分布、莎草向杂类草占优势的斑块类型的转变，以及斑块周长-面积比可作为高寒草甸向黑土滩转变的指示指标。

关键词: 退化进程, 斑块大小, 斑块类型, 周长-面积比, 高寒草甸

Abstract: To reveal the relationship between patch attributes and each attribute,as well as the indicative effect of dominant plant composition on the degradation process of alpine meadow,we chose the alpine meadow at different degradation intensities as research sites in Maqin County Qinghai Provinc in this studye. Four degradation succession stages were selected for the observation,i.e. light,moderate,severe,and erosion degradation stages. Size,quantity,and perimeter of the vegetation patches in the degradation successive stages were compared,and correlations between the patch attributes were tested along the four degradation stages. The results showed that the patches in area of 5~15 m2 were decreased with the degradation stages. The patches in area of 0.04~5 m2 were increased significantly with the degradation stages and the significant changes were mainly occurred in the erosion stage. In addition,the quantity of the medium-sized patches showed significant variations among different stages. For the different types of patches,the area of patches co-dominated by both sedge and forb species was significantly decreased with the degradation stages,and the area of patches dominated by forb species was increased significantly during the process of degradation. The perimeter and quantity of the forbs-dominated patches were increased significantly,and the significant changes were also occurred in the severe and erosion stages. The total patch perimeter-area ratio was increased significantly with the degradation succession process. Among them,the patch perimeter-area ratio dominated by forbs was decreased rapidly and then increased from the stage of severe degradation. In a word,our results demonstrate that patch configuration and patch types could be the signs indicating the transition of alpine meadow to the bare black soil crust,which provides direction to sustainable grassland management.

Key words: Degradation succession, Patch size, Patch type, Perimeter-area ratio, Alpine meadow

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