草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 3469-3476.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.10.034

• 技术研发 • 上一篇    

野大豆种子EMS化学诱变条件筛选及验证

沈佳欣1,2, 穆麟1,2, 汤鲜丽1,2, 黄菁2,3, 黄雨珣2,3, 王森4, 张志飞1,2   

  1. 1. 湖南农业大学农学院, 湖南 长沙 410128;
    2. 湖南省草地研究中心, 湖南 长沙 410128;
    3. 湖南省国有林和种苗工作站, 湖南 长沙 410007;
    4. 中国农业科学院都市农业研究所, 四川 成都 610200
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-04 修回日期:2025-01-24 发布日期:2025-10-17
  • 通讯作者: 王森,E-mail:wangsen@caas.cn;张志飞,E-mail:zhangzf@hunau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王森,E-mail:wangsen@caas.cn;张志飞,E-mail:zhangzf@hunau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    湖南省林业科技攻关与创新资金项目（XLKY202332）；国家“十四五”重点研发计划项目（2023YFF1001500）资助

Screening and Validation of EMS-Mediated Chemical Mutagenesis Conditions for Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc. Seeds

SHEN Jia-xin1,2, MU Lin1,2, TANG Xian-li1,2, HUANG Jing2,3, HUANG Yu-xun2,3, WANG Sen4, ZHANG Zhi-fei1,2   

  1. 1. College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, China;
    2. Hunan Grassland Research Center, Changsha, Hunan Province 410128, China;
    3. State-owned forest and seedling station in Hunan Province, Hunan Province 410007, China;
    4. Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610200, China
  • Received:2024-11-04 Revised:2025-01-24 Published:2025-10-17

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摘要： 野大豆（Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.）是大豆属一年生缠绕草本植物，作为栽培大豆的重要近缘野生种，具有多荚、高蛋白和强抗逆等优良特性，是栽培大豆遗传改良的重要基因资源。本研究以野大豆种子为试验材料，打破种子硬实后设计甲基磺酸乙酯（Ethyl methane sulfonate，EMS）不同处理浓度（1.0%，2.0%）与时间（1~10 h）的双因素完全随机试验，筛选野大豆种子EMS诱变处理的最适条件。结果表明：98%浓硫酸浸泡5 min显著提高种子的萌发特性；在2.0%EMS浸种处理下，种子萌发和幼苗生长被强烈抑制，不宜做为处理条件。野大豆种子EMS化学诱变最适条件为1.0%，6 h，该条件下突变率为33.46%，突变表型性状包括早熟、矮化、叶片形状变异、花苞位置及数量改变以及单株结荚量增加等性状。突变材料经多代种植验证遗传稳定性后，可作为新种质或基因研究资源，为新种质创制提供物质基础。

关键词: 野大豆, 种子, 甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）, 化学诱变, 突变体

Abstract: Wild soybean （Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc.）， an annual twining herb of the genus Glyine， is an important wild species of cultivated soybean. It has many pods， high protein content and strong resistance， and is an important gene resource for the genetic improvement of soybeans. In this study， wild soybean seeds were used as experimental materials. The effects of different treatment concentrations （1.0%， 2.0%） and time （1-10 h） of EMS on seed germination were investigated. The results showed that 98% concentrated sulfuric acid soaking for 5 min significantly improved theination characteristics of seeds. Seed germination and seedling growth were strongly inhibited by 2.0% EMS soaking treatment， so it was not suitable as a treatment condition The optimum conditions of EMS chemical mutagenesis for wild soybean seeds were 1.0% and 6 h. Under this condition， the mutation rate was 3.46%， and the mutation phenotype traits included early maturity， dwarfing， leaf shape， flower bud position and quantity， and more pods per plant. After the stability of the mutated materials was verified by multiple generations of planting， they could be used as new germplasm or gene research resources， and provided a material basis for the creation new germplasm.

Key words: Glycine soja Sieb. et Zucc., Seed, Ethyl methane sulfonate（EMS）, Chemical mutagenesis, Mutant

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