草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 1335-1346.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.04.018

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

水磷限制对燕麦生长发育的影响及综合评价指标筛选

马翔宇1,2, 刘家佳1,2, 段博文1,2, 张琮滟1,2, 胡晓炜1,2, 周青平1,2   

  1. 1. 西南民族大学草地资源学院, 四川 成都 610041;
    2. 西南民族大学, 四川若尔盖高寒湿地生态系统国家野外 科学观测研究站, 四川 成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-19 修回日期:2025-12-01 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 通讯作者: 胡晓炜，E-mail：xiaoweihu24@hotmail.com；周青平，E-mail：qpingzh@aliyun.com
  • 作者简介:马翔宇（1999-），女，汉族，山东东营人，硕士研究生，主要从事牧草抗逆研究，E-mail：jiouyuejingzi@163.com；
  • 基金资助:
    西南民族大学引进人才项目（RQD2023006）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目（自科）（ZYN2024047）；青藏高原特有草种质资源创新及草地生态恢复创新团队（2024CXTD11）；四川省科技项目（2024NSFSC0310）资助

Effects of Water and Phosphorus Limitation on Oat Growth and Development and Screening of Comprehensive Evaluation Indices

MA Xiang-yu1,2, LIU Jia-jia1,2, DUAN Bo-wen1,2, ZHANG Cong-yan1,2, HU Xiao-wei1,2, ZHOU Qing-ping1,2   

  1. 1. College of Grassland Resources, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China;
    2. Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China
  • Received:2025-09-19 Revised:2025-12-01 Published:2026-04-15

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摘要： 干旱和缺磷是限制青藏高原燕麦（Avena sativa）生产的关键因素，为明确水磷胁迫对燕麦生长的影响及主要限制因子，筛选燕麦共同适应水磷限制的关键指标，本研究以14份燕麦品种为试验材料，通过盆栽试验设置对照（CK）、低磷胁迫（-P）、干旱胁迫（-W）和水磷复合胁迫（-W-P）处理，测定18个相关指标。结果表明：胁迫处理会显著（P<0.05）抑制燕麦地上生物量及地上部各器官生物量、小穗数、穗粒数和磷累积量，且复合胁迫抑制程度大于单一胁迫；不同指标受各因子的影响程度不同，水分是影响燕麦生长发育的主要因子；灰色关联分析和主成分分析等方法筛选出籽粒生物量、地上生物量、小穗数、穗粒数、地下生物量、旗叶面积、全株和籽粒磷累积量是反映燕麦耐水磷胁迫能力的关键指标。本研究结果可为青藏高原燕麦抗旱耐低磷品种选育与评价提供理论依据和方法参考。

关键词: 燕麦, 低磷胁迫, 干旱胁迫, 复合胁迫

Abstract: Drought and phosphorus deficiency are key factors limiting oat （Avena sativa） production in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In order to elucidate the effects of water and phosphorus stress on oat growth， identify the primary limiting factors， and screen for key indicators of oats’ synergistic adaptation to water and phosphorus constraints. This study utilized 14 oat cultivars in pot experiments， with treatments including a control （CK）， low phosphorus stress （-P）， drought stress （-W）， and combined drought and low phosphorus stress （-W-P）. Additionally， this experiment measured 18 indicators， including agronomic traits， biomass， and phosphorus accumulation， among others. Results indicated that stress treatment significantly suppressed oat aboveground biomass and biomass of individual aboveground organs， spikelet number， grain per spike， and phosphorus accumulation at the 0.05 level. Moreover， the degree of inhibition is greater under combined stress than under single stress. Different indicators exhibited varying degrees of susceptibility to each factor， with water availability being the primary growth-limiting factor. Methods such as grey relational analysis and principal component analysis jointly identified grain biomass， aboveground biomass， spikelet number， grain per spike， belowground biomass， flag leaf area， and phosphorus accumulation in plants and grains as key indicators reflecting oats' tolerance to water and phosphorus stress. The findings of this study provide theoretical foundations and methodological guidance for the breeding and evaluation of drought-tolerant and low-phosphorus-tolerant oat cultivars on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Key words: Oats, Low phosphorus stress, Drought stress, Combined stress

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