草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 2064-2076.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.06.010

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

黄河源区矮生嵩草根际真菌多样性及近渐绿木霉促生活性测定

李延灿1,2, 孟松林1, 董昊文1, 刘亚鹏1, 杨闰艳1, 陶惠赟1, 祁鹤兴1   

  1. 1. 青海大学农牧学院, 青海 西宁 810016;
    2. 青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室, 青海大学 青海 西宁 810000
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-03 修回日期:2025-12-08 发布日期:2026-06-02
  • 通讯作者: 祁鹤兴,E-mail:qhx390495559@126.com
  • 作者简介:李延灿(2001-),男,汉族,青海西宁人,硕士研究生,主要从事极端环境微生物多样性及资源开发研究工作,E-mail:3476448122@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室自主课题(2023-GHSYS-ZZ-02)资助

Determination of Fungi Diversity of Kobresia humilis Rhizosphere and Promoting Activity of Trichoderma paraviridescens in the Source Region of the Yellow River

LI Yan-can1,2, MEN Song-lin1, DONG Hao-wen1, LIU Ya-peng1, YANG Run-yan1, TAO Hui-yun1, QI He-xing1   

  1. 1. College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management of Alpine Grassland of Qinghai Province, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810000, China
  • Received:2025-10-03 Revised:2025-12-08 Published:2026-06-02

摘要: 初步探究黄河源区矮生嵩草根际真菌多样性,筛选促生活性菌株,为后续开发微生物菌肥提供基础材料。从黄河源区5个不同海拔地区采集矮生嵩草根际土壤样本,经分离纯化并结合形态学与分子生物学方法进行分类鉴定;并测定优势种近渐绿木霉(Trichoderma paraviridescens)的促生活性。共分离得到207株真菌,隶属18属,其中镰孢菌属(Fusarium)和木霉属(Trichoderma)分离株数为67和55株,分离频率为32%和27%,均为优势属;多样性指数分析表明,共和县(3208 m)真菌多样性最高(H'=0.9381),玛多县(4512 m)最低(H'=0.3378),整体区域真菌多样性较为单一(H'=2.0809)。矮生嵩草根际土壤真菌多样性指数和均匀度指数均随着海拔的上升呈先减少后增大的趋势。对55株近渐绿木霉的促生活性分析表明,53株菌株具有产纤维素酶能力,51株菌株具有产蛋白酶能力,32株菌株有溶磷能力,6株菌株有产铁载体能力,4株菌株有解钾能力。本研究为黄河源区矮生嵩草根际真菌资源开发及微生物菌肥的研发提供了理论依据和菌种资源。

关键词: 黄河源区, 矮生嵩草, 真菌多样性, 近渐绿木霉

Abstract: This study conducted a preliminary investigation on the rhizosphere fungi diversity of Kobresia humilis in the source region of the Yellow River, aiming to screen plant growth-promoting strains and provide basic materials for the future development of microbial fertilizers. Rhizosphere soil samples of K. humilis were collected from five different altitude sites in the source region of the Yellow River. Fungal strains were isolated and purified, then identified based on morphological and molecular biological methods. The plant growth-promoting activities of the dominant species Trichoderma paraviridescens were evaluated. A total of 207 fungal strains belonging to 18 genera were isolated. Among them, Fusarium and Trichoderma were the dominant genera, with 67 and 55 strains isolated, respectively, corresponding to isolation frequencies of 32% and 27%. Diversity index analysis revealed that the fungal diversity was the highest in Gonghe County (3208 m; H'=0.9381) and lowest in Maduo County (4512 m; H'=0.3378). The overall fungal diversity in the study area was relatively low (H'=2.0809). Both the diversity index and evenness index of rhizosphere fungi showed a trend of initial decrease followed by an increase with rising altitude. Analysis of the plant growth-promoting activities of the 55 T. paraviridescens strains indicated that 53 strains had the ability to produce cellulase, 51 strains possessed ability to produce protease, 32 strains had the ability to dissolve phosphorous, 6 strains had the ability to produce siderophores, and 4 strains had the ability to release potassium. These findings provide a theoretical basis and microbial resources for the exploitation of rhizosphere fungal resources of K. humilis and the development of microbial fertilizers in the source region of the Yellow River.

Key words: the Source Region of the Yellow River, Kobresia humili, Fungal diversity, Trichoderma paraviridescens

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