Abstract: In order to explore the allelopathy, taking Hyoscyamus niger L. and Lolium perenne L. as materials, the ryegrass seed germination and seedling growth were repectivey treated under 5 different concentrations of Hyoscyamus niger seed extracts (0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1 g·mL^-1) to measure the growth and development. The results demonstrated that H. niger extracts at different concentrations had an extremely significant effect on the seed germination of L. perenne (P<0.01). With the increase of extract concentration, the germination rate and germination index of L. perenne decreased significantly. The extracts had significant effects on root length, aboveground and underground biomass of L. perenne (P<0.05), but had no significant effect on plant height (P<0.05). Moreover, the root length and belowground biomass of L. perenne decreased, and the aboveground biomass increased firstly and then decreased. Under the treatment with H. niger extracts at different concentrations, malondialdehyde, proline contents and relative conductivity of L. perenne seedlings increased, while chlorophyll content in leaves decreased with the increase of extract concentration. To sum up, H. niger extract had a certain damage to the cell membrane of L. perenne seedlings. The internal physiological and biochemical processes was affected by the changes in cell membrane of L. perenne in order to adapt to the adverse environment. Competition through seed allelopathy may be another unique way of interspecific competition.

Key words: Hyoscyamus niger L.seeds, Lolium perenne L., Allelopathy, Seed germination, Seedling growth

摘要： 为了探究天仙子（Hyoscyamus niger L.）对禾本科牧草的化感作用，以天仙子和黑麦草（Lolium perenne L.）为材料，通过5个不同浓度天仙子种子浸提液（0，0.025，0.05，0.075，0.1 g·mL^-1），对黑麦草种子萌发和幼苗生长进行处理，测定黑麦草种子萌发和幼苗生长情况。结果表明：不同浓度的天仙子种子浸提液对黑麦草种子萌发有极显著影响（P<0.01），随浸提液浓度增加，黑麦草萌发率和发芽指数显著降低（P<0.05）；浸提液对黑麦草根长和地上、地下生物量有显著的影响（P<0.05），对株高影响不显著；不同浓度的天仙子种子浸提液处理下，黑麦草幼苗丙二醛、脯氨酸含量、相对电导率均随浸提液浓度的增加而增加，叶片中叶绿素含量则随浸提液浓度的增大而减小。综上所述，天仙子种子浸提液对黑麦草幼苗细胞膜具有一定的损伤作用，黑麦草植株通过细胞膜的变化而影响内部生理生化过程，以适应不利的环境。

关键词: 天仙子种子, 黑麦草, 化感作用, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长