Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (12): 2871-2877.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.12.029

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Effects of Different Improvement Measures on the Mitigating Soil Salinity and N Uptake of Silage Corn in Salt-alkali Soil

ZHENG Min-na, LIANG Xiu-zhi, HAN Zhi-shun, KANG Jia-hui, CHEN Yan-ni   

  1. High Latitude Crops Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University, Datong, Shanxi Province 037008, China
  • Received:2021-08-31 Revised:2021-10-20 Online:2021-12-15 Published:2022-01-06

不同改良措施对晋北盐碱土盐碱障碍和青贮玉米氮素吸收的调控

郑敏娜, 梁秀芝, 韩志顺, 康佳惠, 陈燕妮   

  1. 山西农业大学高寒区作物研究所, 山西 大同 037008
  • 作者简介:郑敏娜(1983-),女,汉族,甘肃通渭人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事草地生态研究,E-mail:zhengminna@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    山西省农业科学院国家自然科学基金培育项目(YGJPY1907);山西农业大学生物育种工程(YZGC087);国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系大同综合试验站项目(CARS-07-G-2)资助

Abstract: To provide a scientific basis for the improvement and rational utilization of soda saline-alkali,the effects of different improvement measures on soil salinity-alkalinity and crop uptake and utilization of Nitrogen in the soil were revealed in Shanxi. The five treatments were as follows:non-fertilizing (CK),adding biomass charcoal under conventional fertilization and CaSO4(L),adding biomass charcoal under conventional fertilization and CaSO4, and planting green manure (LC1,LC2,LC3) with different row spacing. The results showed that:Compared to the control,after 2 years of soil improvement,each improvement measure significantly regulated the 0~20 cm soil pH. Soil salt showed seasonal changes,and the improvement measures regulated 0~20 cm better than 20~40 cm. The LC1,LC2,and LC3 desalination rates of 0~20 cm reached 41.16%,39.18%,and 38.88%,respectively. The improvement measures all significantly reduced the sodium adsorption ratio of the soil. Among them,the sodium adsorption ratio of CL2 treatment decreased by 45.45%. In addition,the improvement measures significantly improved the yield and nitrogen fertilizer utilization of silage corn,especially with the remarkable effect of CL1 treatment. The comprehensive analysis shows that the improvement measures can effectively promote the salt and alkali of salt soil,improve the soil structure,and have the highest economic benefits under CL1 treatment. This mode makes the ecological and economic benefits achieve a win-win situation,which is conducive to the sustainable development of the improvement model.

Key words: Saline soil, Modification, Green fertilizer, Salinization obstruction, Nitrogen utilization

摘要: 2019-2020年,本研究以晋北大同盆地的中度盐碱地为研究对象,分析不施肥(CK)、常规施肥下添加生物质炭和CaSO4(L)、常规施肥下添加生物质炭和CaSO4及种植2,3,4行(LC1,LC2,LC3)绿肥等5个处理对土壤pH、土壤盐分含量、钠吸附比(Sodium adsorption ratio,SAR)以及作物氮素吸收利用的影响。研究结果表明:与对照相比,经过2年的土壤改良,各改良措施对盐碱土0~20 cm土壤pH调控显著;各改良措施对0~20 cm土壤盐分调控作用明显,LC1,LC2和LC3处理的脱盐率分别达到了41.16%,39.18%和38.88%;4种改良措施均显著降低了土壤的SAR(P<0.05),其中,CL2处理SAR降幅最大。此外,各改良措施均明显提高了青贮玉米的生物产量和氮肥利用率,尤以CL1处理的效果显著。综合分析可知,各改良措施能有效促进盐渍土降盐脱碱,改善土壤结构,且CL1处理下生物产量高,可实现生态效益和经济效益的双赢。

关键词: 盐碱土, 改良剂, 绿肥, 盐碱障碍, 氮素吸收

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