Abstract: Ants belong to soil arthropods and are a component factor that cannot be ignored in grassland ecosystems. In this study,the alpine meadow plant communities on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were taken as the research object,and four treatments were set up in Menyuan County,Qinghai Province,as the small size of ant-mound (S),the medium size of ant-mound (M),the big size of ant-mound (B) and the abandoned ant-mound (A). The effects of different size of ant-mound on the diversity of grassland plant communities were investigated. The results showed that ant-mounds were randomly distributed in the alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. With the increase of ant-mound size,the richness and diversity index of grassland plant community decreased,while the Simpson and Pielou indexes did not change significantly. Along the environmental gradient of small ant-mounds (S),middle ant-mounds (M) and big ant-mounds (B),the diversity of Gramineae functional groups increased first and then decreased,Cyperaceae decreased first and then increased,and the diversity of Leguminosae and forb functional groups continued to decrease. Therefore,in the alpine meadow region in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the diversity of functional groups such as Gramineae,Cyperaceae,Leguminosae and forb changed with the increase of ant mound size. However,the community diversity on abandoned ant-mounds had self-recovery ability,which was not significantly different from that of natural communities.

Key words: Ant-mound type, Alpine meadow, Plant functional group, Plant diversity

摘要： 蚂蚁类属土壤节肢动物，是草地生态系统中不可忽视的组成因子。以青藏高原高寒草甸植物群落为对象，在青海省门源县设置小蚁丘(S)、中蚁丘(M)、大蚁丘(B)和废弃蚁丘(A)4个处理，探讨了不同面积蚁丘对草地植物群落多样性的影响。结果表明：青藏高原高寒草甸区蚁丘随机分布,随蚁丘面积增大，草地植物群落丰富度和多样性指数降低，而优势度和均匀度指数无显著变化。沿着小蚁丘(S)、中蚁丘(M)、大蚁丘(B)的环境梯度，禾草科功能群多样性先升高后降低，莎草科先降低后升高，豆科类和杂类草功能群多样性持续降低。因此，青藏高原高寒草甸区，随蚁丘面积的增加改变了禾草科、莎草科、豆科类和杂类草等功能群多样性；但废弃蚁丘上群落多样性具备自我恢复能力，与天然群落无显著差异。

关键词: 蚁丘类型, 高寒草甸, 植物功能群, 植物多样性