Abstract: Fairy ring,naturally occurring circles made up of mushrooms,have been observed to influence the growth of surrounding plants,particularly promoting the growth of plants in the ON zone. The mechanism of mushroom ring fungi promoting plants has always been a concern of researchers. This study focuses on the mechanisms by which fairy ring fungi,specifically Haibei Lycoperdales,enhance plant growth. We monitored the soil temperature of the mushroom circles,and tested the soil's physical and chemical properties,as well as soil enzymes. The results found that the soil temperature changes on the ON zone were significantly different from those inside and outside the fairy ring,especially from 11 o'clock at night to 5 o'clock in the morning. The average soil temperature on the fairy ring was higher than that outside the fairy ring and inside the fairy ring. Within one month of detection,the temperature on the circle at 5 am was higher by 0.3 to 1.6 degrees Celsius than that outside the circle and inside the circle. Using an infrared temperature camera to compare the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the mushroom circle,it was found that the temperature of the fungus fruiting body of the mushroom circle was significantly higher than the surrounding environment. After analyzing the physical and chemical properties of the soil,it was found that the content of available nutrients in the mushroom circle was significantly higher than that outside the inner circle,significantly higher than IN zone and out zone and OUT zone. Acid phosphatase enzyme (S-ACP),sucrase enzymes (S-SC),catalase enzymes (S-CAT) and urease enzymes (S-UE) were detected from different sites from three fairy ring. The catalase concentration on the circle was significantly higher than that outside the circle and inside the circle. The soil enzymes activity in IN zone were higher than in the OUT zone,indicating a long-term effect of mushroom circle fungi on soil enzyme activity. In conclusion,our experimental results suggest that mushroom ring fungi can affect soil available nutrient concentration,enzyme activity and soil temperature. Changes in these factors may be important factors affecting plant growth.

Key words: Fairy ring, Alpine meadow, Soil warming, Soil enzymes

摘要： 蘑菇圈是广泛存在于草地和森林的大型真菌子实体环状群落。有些蘑菇圈如马勃蘑菇圈会显著促进周围植物生长,其蘑菇圈真菌促进植物生长的机理一直是一个热点科学问题。本研究选取青海海北高寒草甸马勃蘑菇圈,从2023年6月15日至7月15日,对蘑菇圈土壤温度进行连续监测,使用红外热成像仪对蘑菇圈子实体进行拍照,同时测定了土壤理化性质与酶活性,检验蘑菇圈真菌生长对土壤温度和土壤酶活的影响及其相互关系。结果表明:蘑菇圈圈上土壤温度变化与圈内、圈外有明显差异,在当日23时后至次日凌晨5时,蘑菇圈上土壤温度高于圈外与圈内0.3℃~1.6℃,红外影像显示蘑菇圈真菌子实体温度显著高于环境温度4℃。蘑菇圈圈上速效养分含量显著高于圈内圈外(P<0.05)。蘑菇圈土壤脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶活性显著高于圈内和圈外。因此马勃蘑菇圈真菌的生长增加了土壤环境温度、提高土壤酶活,通过增加土壤速效养分促进了蘑菇圈上植物的生长。

关键词: 蘑菇圈, 高寒草甸, 土壤增温, 土壤酶活