Abstract: Soil salinization restricts the development of agriculture in the Hexi Corridor. In this study， the saline-alkali soil in Guazhou County was taken as the object， and four treatments were set up as no modifier （T₀）， straw granular fertilizer （T₁）， no-tillage （T₂） and Hekang （T₃） to explore the effects of different modifiers on the growth of forage maize， soil nutrients and salt ions. The results showed that soil organic matter， available nitrogen， phosphorus， potassium， Ca²⁺，Mg²⁺， pH and total salt decreased first and then increased under different treatments. Na⁺ increased first and then decreased， K⁺ increased， Cl^-，SO₄^2- and HCO₃^- decreased. With the deepening of soil layer （0-100 cm）， pH， total salt， Na⁺，Cl^-，SO₄^2- increased， while K⁺，Ca²⁺，Mg²⁺and HCO₃^- decreased. In the 0-20 cm plough layer， T₃ had the best effect on reducing pH， total salt and HCO₃^-， and T₂ had the best effect on inhibiting Na⁺ and SO₄^2- accumulation. T₁ significantly increased the contents of soil organic matter， available nitrogen， available phosphorus and available potassium （increased by 13.76%， 29.42%， 244.59% and 11.61%， respectively）， and had the best effect on maize stem diameter， plant height and fresh grass yield （increased by 33.47%， 56.02% and 72.28%， respectively）. In summary， straw granular fertilizer （T₁） is the best choice for the improvement of saline-alkali land in this area.

Key words: Saline-alkali soil, Corn fields, Soil amendments, Salt ions, Total salt

摘要： 土壤盐碱化制约河西走廊农业发展，本研究以河西瓜州盐碱土为对象，通过设置不施改良剂（T₀）、秸秆颗粒肥（T₁）、免申耕（T₂）与禾康（T₃）4种处理，探究不同改良剂对饲用玉米生长、土壤养分及盐分离子的影响。结果表明：各处理下土壤有机质、速效氮、磷、钾、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、pH值及全盐总体呈先降后升趋势，Na⁺先升后降，K⁺递增，Cl^-，SO₄^2-，HCO₃^-递减。随土层加深（0~100 cm），pH、全盐、Na⁺、Cl^-、SO₄^2-升高，K⁺，Ca²⁺，Mg²⁺，HCO₃^-降低。在0~20 cm耕层，T₃降低pH、全盐和HCO₃^-效果最好，T₂抑制Na⁺和SO₄^2-积累最佳；T₁显著提升土壤有机质、速效氮、有效磷和速效钾含量（增幅分别为13.76%，29.42%，244.59%，11.61%），且对玉米茎粗、株高和鲜草产量（增幅分别为33.47%，56.02%，72.28%）促进效果最好。综上，秸秆颗粒肥（T₁）为该地区盐碱地改良的最优选择。

关键词: 盐碱土, 玉米田, 土壤改良剂, 盐离子, 全盐