Abstract: The vitrification mechanism of Thermopsis lanceolata was investigated through anatomical structure, physiological and biochemical characteristic. Results showed that there were significant differences in the micro-structures of leaves and stems between the vitrified and normal shoots. The leaf epidermal cells of vitreous shoots were agenesis with degraded palisade tissue. The wall of mesophyll cells with larger crack cavity was also not completely developed and the vascular tissue of stem had not completely differentiation. The tissue water content increased by 3.80%, cellulose content and L-phenylalanin ammonia-lyase(PAL) activity of vitreous plantlet decreased by 85.72% and 26.31% in vitreous shoots compared to normal shoots, respectively. In addition, the content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll in hyperhydric shoots decreased by 43.75%, 53.36% and 45.83%, while chlorophyll a/b increased by 27.12%. The soluble protein and soluble sugar contents, starch and dry matter accumulation of hyperhydric shoots decreased by 38.71%, 46.37%, 30.77% and 26.85%，while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage increased by 112.5% and 16.40%. The water metabolism, photosynthetic capacity, protein synthesis and sugar metabolism of the vitreous shoot due to reinforced lipid peroxidation reaction and injured cellular membrane significantly differed from that of normal one. Therefore, the anatomical structure of the vitreous shoots with disordered physiological function had a greater change compared to that of normal shoots.

Key words: Thermopsis lanceolata, Vitrification, Anatomical structure, Physiology and biochemistry

摘要： 以披针叶黄华（Thermopsis lanceolata）试管正常苗和玻璃苗为材料，从解剖结构及生理生化2方面探讨了披针叶黄华试管苗玻璃化的机理。结果表明：玻璃苗叶表皮细胞不完整，栅栏组织退化消失，叶肉细胞的细胞壁发育不完全而出现大的裂隙腔，茎维管组织分化不完全等都与正常苗的解剖结构有较大差异。在生理生化方面，与正常试管苗相比，玻璃苗的组织含水量增加3.80%，纤维素含量和苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性分别降低85.72%和26.31%；叶绿素a、叶绿素b及叶绿素总量分别降低43.75%，53.36%和45.83%，而叶绿素a/b升高了27.12%；可溶性蛋白质含量、可溶性糖含量、淀粉及干物质积累较正常苗低38.71%, 46.37%, 30.77% 和26.85%；丙二醛（MDA）含量和电解质渗出率则高112.5% 和16.40%。说明玻璃苗的茎叶解剖结构与正常试管苗相比发生了较大变化，脂质过氧化加剧，膜结构和功能受损，使其水分代谢、光合能力、蛋白质合成和糖代谢方面显著不同，生理功能发生了紊乱。

关键词: 披针叶黄华, 玻璃化, 解剖结构, 生理生化