Acta Agrestia Sinica

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (11): 2494-2504.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2021.11.015

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Response of Root Morphology and Anatomical Structure of Six Alfalfa Cultivars to Phosphorus Deficiency

PAN Xin-ya1,2, LI Jun-bao3, CHEN Yang2, WANG Peng-fei1,2, WEI Xian-wei1,2, LI Rui1, LIU Jia-xi1, ZHENG Zhi-long1, XU Bing-cheng1,2,4, WANG Zhi1,2,4   

  1. 1. College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
    3. Shaanxi Academy of Forestry, Xian, Shaanxi Province 710000, China;
    4. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
  • Received:2021-04-22 Revised:2021-05-19 Online:2021-11-15 Published:2021-12-06

6个紫花苜蓿品种根系形态结构对低磷胁迫的响应

潘新雅1,2, 李军保3, 陈阳2, 王鹏飞1,2, 卫先伟1,2, 李瑞1, 刘佳茜1, 郑智龙1, 徐炳成1,2,4, 王智1,2,4   

  1. 1. 西北农林科技大学草业与草原学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
    2. 西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
    3. 陕西省林业科学院, 陕西 西安 710000;
    4. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西 杨凌 712100
  • 通讯作者: 王智,E-mail:wangzhi712@nwafu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:潘新雅(1997-),女,河南信阳人,硕士研究生,主要从事牧草逆境生物学研究,E-mail:xypan@nwafu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省自然科学基础研究计划青年项目（2020JQ-264）；陕西省重点研发计划（2019TSLNY03-01）；国家自然科学基金（31700335）共同资助

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Abstract: This study was aimed to clarify the effects of phosphorus (P) efficiency on the difference in root morphology and anatomical structure of alfalfa. Root morphology,root anatomical structure and P efficiency of six alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars were investigated under two P supply levels (Control:0.5 mmol·L-1;P deficiency:0.05 mmol·L-1) via nutrient solution sand culture method. Results showed that the root length,surface area,vessel diameter,stele diameter and ratio of stele diameter to root diameter all decreased,while the other root morphology and anatomical structure traits showed variable response characters to P deficiency in six alfalfa cultivars. P deficiency generated evident inhibitory effects on plant growth and P uptake efficiency of six alfalfa cultivars. Compared with control condition,P utilization efficiency of ‘Sidel’ increased significantly,while that of the other five cultivars reduced significantly under P deficiency. Our results implied that ‘Sidel’ performed the highest adaptability to low P environment mainly by increasing its root to shoot ratio and P utilization efficiency. Overall,the root length,surface area and volume,as well as vessel and stele diameter,ratio of stele diameter to root diameter were the main indexes for alfalfa root responding to P deficiency. Among them,root length and ratio of stele diameter to root diameter were the critical root traits affecting P uptake efficiency and P utilization efficiency of six alfalfa cultivars,respectively.

Key words: Root morphology, Root anatomical structure, Phosphorus absorption, Alfalfa, Phosphorus deficiency

摘要： 为明确低磷胁迫下紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）根系形态结构的响应差异对磷效率的影响，以6个紫花苜蓿品种为材料，采用营养液砂培法，测定两种磷水平（对照：0.5 mmol·L-1；低磷：0.05 mmol·L-1）下苜蓿根系形态、解剖结构和磷效率。结果表明：低磷胁迫下，各苜蓿品种的根系长度、表面积、导管直径、中柱直径及其占根直径比例均降低，其余根系性状则呈现不同的变化趋势。低磷胁迫抑制了各苜蓿品种的生长和磷吸收；除‘赛迪’的磷利用效率显著增加外，其余5个苜蓿品种的磷利用效率均显著降低。‘赛迪’主要通过增加根冠比和磷利用效率，表现出较强的耐低磷能力。总体表明，根系长度、表面积、体积、导管直径、中柱直径及其占根直径比例是苜蓿根系响应低磷胁迫的主要指标，其中根系长度和中柱直径占根直径比例分别是影响6个苜蓿品种磷吸收和利用效率最关键的根系性状。

关键词: 根系形态, 根系解剖结构, 磷吸收, 紫花苜蓿, 低磷胁迫

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