Acta Agrestia Sinica

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2016, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (4): 807-811.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2016.04.014

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Gradient Variation of Soil Nutrients of a Piosphere in Seriphidium Desert of Northern Xinjiang

XU Wen-xuan1, WU Ke1,2, HUANG Yi3, YANG Wei-kang1, David Blank1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    3. Department of Foundational Sciences, Xinjiang Petrolic College, Urumqi 830000, China
  • Received:2015-03-25 Revised:2015-12-02 Online:2016-08-15 Published:2016-11-29

新疆北部绢蒿荒漠水源圈土壤养分的梯度变化

徐文轩1, 吴珂1,2, 黄怡3, 杨维康1, David Blank1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    2. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
    3. 新疆石油学院基础科学系, 乌鲁木齐 830000
  • 通讯作者: 杨维康,E-mail:yangwk@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:徐文轩(1979-),男,山东兰陵人,博士,助理研究员,主要从事干旱区草地管理与动物生态学研究工作,E-mail:xwx@ms.xjb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:

    科技部973项目（2014CB954204）；国家自然科学基金（31300390）；中国科学院西部之光西部博士项目（XBBS201309）；中国科学院特聘研究员计划（2011T1Z42）资助

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Abstract:

The Seriphidium desert is used as transitional pasture in northern Xinjiang, and the sedentary grazing around the water point is the primary modes for the lack of water, which makes the piospheres widespread in northern Xinjiang. To study the piosphere effect, we sampled the soil along a gradient of 50 m, 100 m, 200 m, 400 m, 800 m and 1200 m with four orientations (east, south, west and north) radiating outward from a watering point of Seriphidium desert in the North Slope of Tianshan Mountains, Mori, Xinjiang. The results showed that the soil electric conductivity and pH increased with the decrease of distance from water point or the increase of grazing intensity, and the soil water content had no significant changes. The soil organic carbon, total and available N and P had significant positive correlation with the distance from water point, which meaned the increase of grazing intensity decreased the content of soil organic carbon and soil nutrients except for K. These results indicated that the overgrazing led to the degradation, even depletion, of soil nutrient in desert grassland.

Key words: Piosphere, Seriphidium desert, Soil nutrient, Xinjiang

摘要：

由于干旱缺水，新疆北部绢蒿（Seriphidium）荒漠形成以饮水点为中心的定居放牧，导致水源圈大量出现。2014年5月底，以新疆木垒县天山北坡绢蒿荒漠一个典型的牧场水源点为中心，采集了东南西北4个方向和6个采样距离（50 m，100 m，200 m，400 m，800 m和1200 m）的土样，分析了土壤含水率、电导率、pH值以及土壤有机碳、土壤全量和速效养分变化特征。结果表明，随着离水源点距离的增加，土壤含水量、全钾和速效钾没有明显变化，土壤电导率、pH值、土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷、速效氮和速效磷的含量随着离水源点距离的增加而增加，说明放牧扰动强度的增加降低了土壤有机碳和土壤养分含量。结果说明，在新疆北部涓蒿荒漠，过度放牧导致水源点附近土壤养分明显减少，甚至枯竭。

关键词: 水源圈, 绢蒿荒漠, 土壤养分, 新疆

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