Research Process in Silage Microorganism and Its Effects on Silage Quality

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2017.03.003

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2017, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 460-465.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2017.03.003

Previous Articles Next Articles

Research Process in Silage Microorganism and Its Effects on Silage Quality

XU Dong-mei, ZHANG Ping, KE Wen-can, GUO Xu-sheng

School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Grassland and Agro-Ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China

Received:2016-10-21 Revised:2017-06-16 Online:2017-06-15 Published:2017-08-29

青贮微生物及其对青贮饲料发酵品质影响的研究进展

许冬梅, 张萍, 柯文灿, 郭旭生

兰州大学生命科学学院草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000

通讯作者: 郭旭生
作者简介:许冬梅(1993-),女,甘肃张掖人,硕士研究生,主要从事饲料青贮技术与营养价值评价研究,E-mail:xudm15@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然基金（3167130106）；甘肃省2016年草牧业试验试点和草业技术创新联盟科技支撑项目（GCLM2016002）资助

Abstract

Abstract:

Silage microbes play a key role during ensiling. Both epiphytic and inoculated microorganisms have effects on microbial community and community succession during fermentation, which to some extent affect the fermentation quality of silage. This article exposited microflora structure and succession, and its effects on fermentation quality of silages. Shown from the present researches, epiphytic microbes are of great difference in different forage species and under different growth environments. The effect of addition lactic acid bacteria to improve silage quality is unstable. It is necessary to know the characteristics of epiphytic forage microbes to determine whether lactic acid bacteria need to be inoculated to get high-quality silage.

Key words: Silage fermentation, Silage microorganism, Microflora and succession, Fermentation quality

摘要：

青贮微生物在饲料发酵过程中起关键作用。无论是牧草表面附着的微生物还是外源添加的微生物菌剂在青贮发酵过程中对青贮微生物的群落结构及其演替过程都起着重要的作用，而青贮发酵过程中微生物的群落结构及其演替过程与代谢产物很大程度上影响着青贮饲料的发酵品质。本文阐述了青贮微生物群落结构，微生物在青贮过程中的演替及其对青贮饲料品质的影响。从目前研究结果来看，不同牧草及同种牧草生长在不同环境中其表面附着微生物存在很大差异。添加乳酸菌对提高青贮品质效果不稳定，还需了解牧草附着微生物特性决定是否需要接种乳酸菌以得到优质青贮饲料。

关键词: 青贮发酵, 青贮微生物, 群落结构及演替, 发酵品质

CLC Number:

S816.53

XU Dong-mei, ZHANG Ping, KE Wen-can, GUO Xu-sheng. Research Process in Silage Microorganism and Its Effects on Silage Quality[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2017, 25(3): 460-465.

许冬梅, 张萍, 柯文灿, 郭旭生. 青贮微生物及其对青贮饲料发酵品质影响的研究进展[J]. 草地学报, 2017, 25(3): 460-465.

References

[1] Mcdonald P, HendersonA R, Heron S J E. The Biochemistry of Silage[M]. UK:J. Wiley,1991
[2] 张大伟,陈林海,朱海霞,等. 青贮饲料中主要微生物对青贮品质的影响[J].饲料研究,2007(3):65-68
[3] Cai Y, Benno Y, Ogawa M, et al. Effect of applying lactic acid bacteria isolated from forage crops on fermentation characteristics and aerobic deterioration of silage[J]. Journal of dairy science,1999,82(3):520-526
[4] Lin C, Bolsen K K, Brent B E, et al. Epiphytic microflora on alfalfa and whole-plant corn[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,1992,75(9):2484-2493
[5] Kozaki M, Uchimura T, Okada S. Experimental manual of lactic acid bacteria[M]. Tokyo,Japan:Asakurasyoten,1992:34-37
[6] Pahlow G, Müller T. Determination of epiphytic micro-organisms on grass as influenced by harvesting and sample preparation[C]//Proc. 9th Silage Conf. 1990:23-24
[7] McEniry J, O'Kiely P, Clipson N J W, et al. Bacterial community dynamics during the ensilage of wilted grass[J]. Journal of applied microbiology,2008,105(2):359-371
[8] Bao W, Mi Z, Xu H, et al. Assessing quality ofMedicago sativasilage by monitoring bacterial composition with single molecule,real-time sequencing technology and various physiological parameters[J]. Scientific Reports,2016,6:1-8
[9] Ennahar S, Cai Y, Fujita Y. Phylogenetic diversity of lactic acid bacteria associated with paddy rice silage as determined by 16S ribosomal DNA analysis[J]. Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2003,69(1):444-451
[10] Lin C, Bolsen K, Brent B, et al. Epiphytic lactic acid bacteria succession during the pre-ensiling and ensiling periods of alfalfa and maize[J]. Journal of Applied Bacteriology,1992,73(5):375-387
[11] 白燕. 四川几种竹叶部微生物区系研究[D]. 雅安:四川农业大学,2011
[12] Muck R. Initial bacteria numbers on lucerne prior to ensiling[J]. Grass and Forage Science,1989,44(1):19-25
[13] 施雯,张汉波. 叶面微环境和微生物群落[J]. 微生物学通报,2007,34(4):761-764
[14] Daniel J, Checolli M, Zwielehner J, et al. The effects of Lactobacillus kefiri and L. brevis on the fermentation and aerobic stability of sugarcane silage[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2015,205:69-74
[15] Jin L, Duniere L, Lynch J, et al. Impact of ferulic acid esterase producing lactobacilli and fibrolytic enzymes on conservation characteristics,aerobic stability and fiber degradability of barley silage[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2015,207:62-74
[16] Zhang J, Guo G, Chen L, et al. Effect of applying lactic acid bacteria and propionic acid on fermentation quality and aerobic stability of oats-common vetch mixed silage on the Tibetan plateau[J]. Animal Science Journal,2015,86(6):595-602
[17] Zielińska K, Fabiszewska A, Stefańska I. Different aspects of Lactobacillus inoculants on the improvement of quality and safety of alfalfa silage[J]. Chilean journal of agricultural research,2015,75(3):298-306
[18] Cai Y, Benno Y, Ogawa M, et al. Effect of applying lactic acid bacteria isolated from forage crops on fermentation characteristics and aerobic deterioration of silage[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,1999,82(3):520-526
[19] Li Y, Nishino N. Changes in the bacterial community and composition of fermentation products during ensiling of wilted Italian ryegrass and wilted guinea grass silages[J]. Animal Science Journal,2013,84(8):607-612
[20] Comino L, Tabacco E, Righi F, et al. Effects of an inoculant containing a Lactobacillus buchneri that produces ferulate-esterase on fermentation products,aerobic stability,and fibre digestibility of maize silage harvested at different stages of maturity[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2014,198:94-106
[21] Cai Y, Kumai S, Ogawa M, et al. Characterization and Identification of Pediococcus Species Isolated from Forage Crops and Their Application for Silage Preparation[J]. Applied & Environmental Microbiology,1999,65(7):2901-2906
[22] Pang H, Qin G, Tan Z, et al. Natural populations of lactic acid bacteria associated with silage fermentation as determined by phenotype,16S ribosomal RNA and recA gene analysis[J]. Systematic & Applied Microbiology,2011,34(3):235-241
[23] Moran J P, O'Kiely P, Wilson R K, et al. Enumeration of lactic acid bacteria on grass and the effects of added bacteria on silage fermentation[J]. Irish Grassland & Animal Production Association Journal,1990,24:46-55
[24] Broberg A, Jacobsson K, Ström K, et al. Metabolite profiles of lactic acid bacteria in grass silage[J]. Applied and environmental microbiology,2007,73(17):5547-5552
[25] Parvin S, Nishino N. Succession of lactic acid bacteria in wilted rhodesgrass silage assessed by plate culture and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis[J]. Grassland Science,2010,56(1):51-55
[26] Pfeiffer G. Die physiologie der siliermittel[J]. Futterkonservierung,1956,5:224-235
[27] 韩吉雨. 青贮发酵体系中乳酸菌多样性的研究[D]. 呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2009
[28] Eikmeyer F G, Köfinger P, Poschenel A, et al. Metagenome analyses reveal the influence of the inoculant Lactobacillus buchneri CD034 on the microbial community involved in grass ensiling[J]. Journal of Biotechnology,2013,167(3):334-343
[29] Oude Elferink S J W H, Driehuis F, Krooneman J, et al. Lactobacillus buchneri can improve the aerobic stability of silage via a novel fermentation pathway:the anaerobic degradation of lactic acid to acetic acid and 1,2-propanediol[C]. International Silage Conference/Eds. T. Pauly,1999
[30] Mceniry J, O'Kiely P, Clipson N J W, et al. Bacterial community dynamics during the ensilage of wilted grass[J]. Journal of Applied Microbiology,2008,105(2):359-371
[31] Li Y B, Nishino N. Changes in the bacterial community and composition of fermentation products during ensiling of wilted Italian ryegrass and wilted guinea grass silages[J]. Animal Science Journal,2013,84(8):607-612
[32] Li Y, Nishino N. Effects of inoculation of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus buchneri on fermentation,aerobic stability and microbial communities in whole crop corn silage[J]. Grassland Science,2011,57(4):184-191
[33] 张慧杰. 饲草青贮微生物菌群动态变化与乳酸菌的鉴定筛选[D]. 呼和浩特:中国农业科学院,2011
[34] Ben-Dov E, Shapiro O H, Siboni N, et al. Advantage of Using Inosine at the 3' Termini of 16S rRNA Gene Universal Primers for the Study of Microbial Diversity[J]. Applied & Environmental Microbiology,2006,72(11):6902-6906
[35] Parvin S, Nishino N. Bacterial community associated with ensilage process of wilted guinea grass[J]. Journal of Applied Microbiology,2009,107(6):2029-2036
[36] Parvin S, Wang C, Li Y, et al. Effects of inoculation with lactic acid bacteria on the bacterial communities of Italian ryegrass,whole crop maize,guinea grass and rhodes grass silages[J]. Animal Feed Science & Technology,2010,160(3):160-166
[37] 李雁冰,玉柱,孙娟娟. 不同乳酸菌添加剂对青贮黑麦草和青贮玉米微生物群集的影响[J]. 草地学报,2015,23(2):387-393
[38] Li Y, Nishino N. Bacterial and fungal communities of wilted Italian ryegrass silage inoculated with and without Lactobacillus rhamnosus or Lactobacillus buchneri[J]. Letters in Applied Microbiology,2011,52(4):314-321
[39] Holzer M, Mayrhuber E, Danner H, et al. The role of Lactobacillus buchneri in forage preservation[J]. Trends in Biotechnology,2003,21(6):282-287
[40] Contreras-Govea F E, Muck R E, Broderick G A, et al. Lactobacillus plantarum effects on silage fermentation and in vitro microbial yield[J]. Animal Feed Science & Technology,2013,179(1-4):61-68
[41] Kizilsimsek M, Schmidt R J, Jr K L. Effects of a mixture of lactic acid bacteria applied as a freeze-dried or fresh culture on the fermentation of alfalfa silage[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2007,90(12):5698-5705
[42] Cai Y, Uegaki R, Fujita Y. Lactic acid bacteria isolated from forage crops and silage fermentation[C]//Proceedings of the XIX International Grassland Congress grassland Ecosystems:An Outlook into the 21st Century.2001:777
[43] 席兴军,韩鲁佳,原慎一郎,等. 添加乳酸菌和纤维素酶对玉米秸秆青贮饲料品质的影响[J]. 中国农业大学学报,2003,8(2):21-24
[44] 刘春龙,李忠秋,孙海霞,等. 影响青贮饲料品质的因素[J]. 中国牛业科学,2006,32(5):63-66
[45] 玉柱,孙启忠,于艳冬,等. 添加尿素和乳酸菌制剂对玉米秸秆青贮料品质的影响[J]. 中国畜牧杂志,2009,45(3):37-40
[46] Lin C, Bolsen K K, Brent B E, et al. Epiphytic lactic acid bacteria succession during the pre-ensiling and ensiling periods of alfalfa and maize[J]. Journal of Applied Microbiology,1992,73(5):375-387
[47] Ohyama Y, Hara S I. Growth of Yeasts Isolated from Silages on Various Media and Its Relationship to Aerobic Deterioration of Silage[J]. Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho,1975,46(12):713-721
[48] Reich L J, Kung L. Effects of combining Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 with various lactic acid bacteria on the fermentation and aerobic stability of corn silage[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2010,159(4):105-109
[49] Elferink S O, Driehuis F, Gottschal J C, et al. Anaerobic degradation of lactic acid to acetic acid and 1,2-propanediol,a novel fermentation pathway in Lactobacillus buchneri,helps to improve the aerobic stability of maize silage[C]//Proc. XⅡ Int. Silage Conf. Swedish Univ. of Agric. Sci,Uppsala,Sweden,1999:266-267
[50] 郭旭生,周禾,玉柱. 不同添加剂对青贮饲料有氧稳定性的影响[J]. 中国奶牛,2006(9):18-21
[51] 马迪,梁慧慧,邵文强,等. 不同乳酸菌添加剂对青贮黑麦草和青贮玉米发酵产物和有氧稳定性的影响[J]. 草地学报,2014,22(6):1365-1370
[52] Kleinschmit D H, Jr L K. The Effects of Lactobacillus buchneri 40788 and Pediococcus pentosaceus R1094 on the Fermentation of Corn Silage[J]. Journal of Dairy Science,2006,89(10):3999-4004
[53] Liu Q H,Yang F Y, Zhang J G, et al. Characteristics of Lactobacillus parafarraginis ZH1 and its role in improving the aerobic stability of silages[J]. Journal of Applied Microbiology,2014,117(2):405-416
[54] Valan A M, Jung M W, Ilavenil S, et al. Isolation and characterization of antifungal compound from Lactobacillus plantarum KCC-10 from forage silage with potential beneficial properties[J]. Journal of Applied Microbiology,2013,115(5):1172-1185
[55] Broberg A, Jacobsson K, Ström K, et al. Metabolite profiles of lactic acid bacteria in grass silage[J]. Applied & Environmental Microbiology,2007,73(17):5547-5552

Research Process in Silage Microorganism and Its Effects on Silage Quality

青贮微生物及其对青贮饲料发酵品质影响的研究进展

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	ZOU Yu-qi, WANG Zhi-jun, LIU Li-ying, YUAN Ye, PAN Ze-yu, MENG He-gaole, BAO Le-er, GE Gen-tu. Effects of Spirulina Peptides on Fermentation Quality and Microbial Community of Alfalfa [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2025, 33(8): 2685-2693.
[2]	CHEN Hao, GAO Wan-shun, WANG Xu-zhe, MA Chun-hui. Nutrients and Fermentation Quality of Different Varieties of Sesbania cannabina and Zea mays [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2025, 33(8): 2713-2720.
[3]	YAN Xu, HOU Xing-feng, WANG Hong-lin, ZUO Yan-chun, XIAO Lian, WU Zi-zhou, LI Yang, CHEN Hui, LIU Hong-mei, SUN Ru-ting, YANG Jian, ZHOU Hong-yan, LIU Jing-song, ZHANG Qiong-wen, DU Zhou-he. Quality Analysis of Silage in Agricultural Region of Sichuan Province [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2025, 33(7): 2051-2058.
[4]	SHI Ya-qi, FAN Wen-na, SHI Peng-fei, ZHANG Meng-yao, YANG Yi-xin. Effect of Forsythia Suspensa Addition on the Quality of Alfalfa Silage [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2025, 33(7): 2400-2406.
[5]	SONG Jia, WEI Lu-heng, HU Yi-fei, WANG Yi-bo, WANG Dong, SUN Juan-juan, XUE Yan-lin, BAI Chun-sheng, YU Zhu. Effect of Storage Temperature and Bacillus Addition on Fermentation Quality and Nitrate Content of Sorghum-sudangrass Silage [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2025, 33(5): 1669-1676.
[6]	CHEN Gui-wu, NONG Zhi-yan, CHEN Na, LUO Shi-yong, SHI Xiao-lu, LI Ying-han, ZI Xue-juan, LI Mao. Effects of Different Proportions of Piper sarmentosum on the Fermentation Quality and In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of King Grass Silage [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2025, 33(5): 1677-1685.
[7]	REN Jia-hui, ZHANG Teng-wei, BAO Wen-long, YUN Ying, Wang Zhao-lan, LIU Zhi-ping, ZHENG Cheng-zhong, Wang Feng-wu, Wang Jing-yu, Yang Feng-ting, QIAO Gong, QU Jia-hui, LI Tao, SUN Juan-juan. Effects of Planting Density on the Quality of Whole Barley Silage [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2025, 33(2): 630-635.
[8]	MA Tian-li, LI Xiao-mei, ZHONG Yi-hao, LUO Hong-jie, DU Zhao-chang, XIAO Qi-yin, LIU Wei-guo, YAN Yan-hong. Study on the Silage Quality of Mixed Whole Plant Maize and Different Legume Forage in the Northwest Plateau Area of Sichuan Region [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(9): 2999-3005.
[9]	XU Gui, WANG Ya-ting, MU Lin, WANG Qing-lan, WEI Lan, GUO Yang, WEI Zhong-shan, ZHANG Zhi-fei. Meta-Analysis Study of the Effects of Adding Urea on Silage Quality [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(8): 2607-2619.
[10]	CHAI Yu-xin, JIA Shu-an, ZHANG Tian, LI Xiao, CHEN Yong-cheng, HUANG Rong-zheng, ZHANG Fan-fan. Effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on Silage Quality of Urtica cannabina and Rumen Degradation Characteristics of Sheep [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(7): 2283-2289.
[11]	WU Qi-feng, CHEN Chen, HUANG Qin-jiao, ZHANG Yun-fei, LI Xiao-mei, CHEN Yuan-hang, WEN Xing-jin, YAN Yan-hong. A Effects of Cellulase and High-temperature Tolerant Lactic Acid Bacteria on Structural Carbohydrate of (Pennisetum ameri-canum×P.purpureum)×P.durpureum schum. [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(7): 2314-2322.
[12]	CHENG Zhi-ze, YISILAYI-Dawuti, WAN Jiang-chun, NAIBI-Abulaiti, AIBIBULA-Yimamu. Effects of Different Additives on the Quality and Bacterial Diversity of Pepper Straw Silage [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(7): 2330-2336.
[13]	HEI Meng-qin, CAO Zheng-yu, WANG Zhi-yuan, DAI Chun-hui, CHEN Cheng, ZHANG Wen-ju. Effects of Adding Compound Lactobacillus and Molasses on the Quality of Alfalfa Silage with Different Moisture Contents [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(5): 1601-1609.
[14]	KONG De-hui, JIN Si-yu, CAO Yang. Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Mixed Acids on Fermentation Quality,Chlorophyll and Chlorophyll Degrading Enzymes in Alfalfa Silage [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(5): 1610-1618.
[15]	SUN Rong, LI Mao, CHEN Gui-wu, ZI Xue-juan, WANG Kai. Effects of Callicarpa Nudiflora Addition on Silage Fermentation Quality and in vitro Gas Production in King Grass [J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2024, 32(4): 1267-1275.