Abstract:

To investigate the radiation effect on the seed germination and seedling growth of Echinochloa crusgalli, the seeds of ‘Chaomu No. 1’ Echinochloa crusgalli were used as test materials. Seeds were treated with different doses of ⁶⁰Co-γ rays.⁶⁰Co-γ rays radiation doses were 0, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400 and 450 Gy. The germination potential, germination percentage, germination index and vigor index of the seeds were determined, and the root length, shoot length, fresh weight, dry weight and root activity were measured. The results showed that the germination rate, germination potential, germination index and vigor index of seeds increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of radiation dosage.Except that the fresh weight of 200 Gy radiation dose increased slightly compared with the control treatment, the other post processing radiation dose shoots of the root length, shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight were all lower than those of the control group. Root activity reached the highest at 250 Gy radiation dose. According to the survival rate of Echinochloa crusgalli seeds in different radiation dosages, the half lethal dose of ⁶⁰Co-γ rays radiation was 84.33 Gy. The results would provide a theory basis for mutation breeding and accelerate the breeding process of Echinochloa crusgalli.

Key words: Chaomu No.1'Echinochloa crusgalli seed, ⁶⁰Co-&gamma, rays radiation, Seed germination, Seedling growth, Root activity

摘要：

为了探讨辐射对谷稗（Echinochloa crusgalli）种子萌发和芽苗生长的影响，以‘朝牧1号’谷稗种子为试验材料，采用不同剂量的⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐照谷稗种子，剂量分别为0，200，250，300，350，400，450 Gy，测定种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数，芽苗的根长、芽长、鲜重、干重和根系活力。结果表明：⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射处理后，种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数均随辐射剂量的增加呈先增加后降低的变化趋势。除200 Gy辐射剂量处理后的鲜重比对照略有增加外，其他辐射剂量处理后芽苗的根长、芽长、鲜重、干重均低于对照组，根系活力随辐射剂量增加呈现先增加后降低的变化趋势，250 Gy辐射剂量根系活力最强，根据谷稗种子在不同辐射剂量下的成苗率，确定⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐照半致死剂量为84.33 Gy。本研究结果可为谷稗辐射育种和促进谷稗育种进程提供依据。

关键词: &lsquo, 朝牧1号&rsquo, 谷稗种子, ⁶⁰Co-&gamma, 射线辐照, 种子萌发, 芽苗生长, 根系活力