Research Progress in Recent Ten Years of Ecological Restoration for ‘Black Soil Land’ Degraded Grassland on Tibetan Plateau——Concurrently Discuss of Ecological Restoration in Sangjiangyuan Region

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.01.001

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1): 1-21.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.01.001

Research Progress in Recent Ten Years of Ecological Restoration for ‘Black Soil Land’ Degraded Grassland on Tibetan Plateau——Concurrently Discuss of Ecological Restoration in Sangjiangyuan Region

SHANG Zhan-huan^1,2,3, DONG Quan-min², SHI Jian-jun², ZHOU Hua-kun³, DONG Shi-kui⁴, SHAO Xin-qing⁵, LI Shi-xiong², WANG Yan-long², MA Yu-shou², DING Lu-ming¹, CAO Guang-min³, LONG Rui-jun¹

1. The School of Life Sciences, Sate key laboratory of grassland ago-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730000, China;
2. The Institute of Rangeland Research, Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
3. Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Key Laboratory of Restoration ecology of cold area in Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai Province 810008, China;
4. School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;
5. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 10083, China

Received:2017-07-07 Revised:2018-03-10 Online:2018-02-15 Published:2018-05-25

青藏高原“黑土滩”退化草地及其生态恢复近10年研究进展——兼论三江源生态恢复问题

尚占环^1,2,3, 董全民², 施建军², 周华坤³, 董世魁⁴, 邵新庆⁵, 李世雄², 王彦龙², 马玉寿², 丁路明¹, 曹广民³, 龙瑞军¹

1. 兰州大学生命科学学院, 草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730000;
2. 青海大学(青海省)畜牧兽医科学院草原研究所, 青海西宁 810016;
3. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所, 青海省寒区恢复生态学重点实验室, 青海西宁 810008;
4. 北京师范大学环境学院, 北京 100875;
5. 中国农业大学动物科技学院, 北京 10083

作者简介:尚占环(1978-),男,河北唐山人,教授,博士生导师,主要从事草地生态学、生物多样性研究,E-mail:shangzhh@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0501906-2）；国家自然科学基金（41671508）；青海三江源生态保护和建设二期工程科研和推广（2017-S-1-06）；青海省重点研发与转化技术项目（2017-NK-149-2）；青海省创新平台建设专项（2017-ZJ-Y20）资助

Abstract

Abstract:

The ‘black soil land’ degraded grassland is the unique result of global grassland degradation's behavior in the Sanjiangyuan region of Tibetan plateau that had severely reduced the ecological function and pastoral industry in the Sanjiangyuan region. Based on the investigation of more than 290 publications and project repots in recent ten years, the authors reviewed the main studys and progresses in restoring engineering of ‘black soil land’ degraded grassland. This review discussed more about some new theory views, such as ‘black soil land’ second emergence, hydrothermal-hole effect of ‘black soil land’, temporary-steady state of ‘black soil land’ sown grassland etc. For the technique of restoration and rehabilitation, the author proposed some future technique, such as the technique system of ‘regional separation-vegetation classification-degradation degree-restoring phase regulation’,more species numbers mixed (>10) of seed materials for artificial plant community construction, human regulation of launching and inducing self-restoration for ‘black soil land’ sown grassland vegetation, and self-restoration ability and the near-nature restoration model, launching the second background of investigation for ‘black soil land’ in time, developing the low-cost model of restoration, then that can promote sustainable ecological building in the region Sanjiangyuan.

Key words: Tibetan plateau, Sanjiangyuan region, ‘Black soil land&rsquo, degraded grassland, Ecological restoration, Productive function, Ecological function

摘要：

“黑土滩”是全球草地生态系统退化行为在青藏高原三江源区的特殊表现形式，严重威胁着三江源区生态安全和草地畜牧业发展。该文在调研近10年290多个相关文献资料基础上，综合分析了近10年内黑土滩研究和治理工作的主要研究进展。并进一步讨论了一些新的观点，如“黑土滩二次发生”、“黑土滩的水热空洞效应”、“黑土滩人工草地暂稳态机制”等。作者建议针对黑土滩生态恢复，发展黑土滩治理的“分区-分类-分级-分段”的技术体系；研究更多植物物种组合（>10种）的混合群落构建技术；研发启动和引导黑土滩人工草地自我恢复技术及近自然恢复模式；组织开展第二次“黑土滩”本底调查工作；完善低成本治理模式，推动三江源生态建设的可持续性。

关键词: 青藏高原, 三江源区, 黑土滩退化草地, 生态恢复, 生产功能, 生态功能

CLC Number:

S812.8

SHANG Zhan-huan, DONG Quan-min, SHI Jian-jun, ZHOU Hua-kun, DONG Shi-kui, SHAO Xin-qing, LI Shi-xiong, WANG Yan-long, MA Yu-shou, DING Lu-ming, CAO Guang-min, LONG Rui-jun. Research Progress in Recent Ten Years of Ecological Restoration for ‘Black Soil Land’ Degraded Grassland on Tibetan Plateau——Concurrently Discuss of Ecological Restoration in Sangjiangyuan Region[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2018, 26(1): 1-21.

尚占环, 董全民, 施建军, 周华坤, 董世魁, 邵新庆, 李世雄, 王彦龙, 马玉寿, 丁路明, 曹广民, 龙瑞军. 青藏高原“黑土滩”退化草地及其生态恢复近10年研究进展——兼论三江源生态恢复问题[J]. 草地学报, 2018, 26(1): 1-21.

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Research Progress in Recent Ten Years of Ecological Restoration for ‘Black Soil Land’ Degraded Grassland on Tibetan Plateau——Concurrently Discuss of Ecological Restoration in Sangjiangyuan Region

青藏高原“黑土滩”退化草地及其生态恢复近10年研究进展——兼论三江源生态恢复问题

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