Acta Agrestia Sinica

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6): 1659-1666.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2019.06.024

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Effects of Mixed Sowing of Different Pasture Grasses on Soil Nutrients and Biomass in Degraded Alpine Meadows

ZHANG Qian1, ZHANG Zhong-hua1, MA Li1, YANG Xiao-yuan1, GUO Jing1, XU Wen-hua1, ZHOU Bing-rong2, SHAO Xin-qing3, WANG Fang1, JIA Yong-zhong4, HE You-long5, JIN Xin6, ZHOU Hua-kun1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Cold Regions Restoration Ecology, Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai Province 810001, China;
    2. The Qinghai Institute of Meteorological Science, Xining, Qinghai Province 810001, China;
    3. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
    4. Rural Economic Comprehensive Service Center of Jishi Town Government of Xunhua County, Haidong, Qinghai Province 810600, China;
    5. Qinghai Province guoluo grassland station, Dawu, Qinghai Province 814000, China;
    6. Qinghai Province Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center, Xining, Qinghai Province 810001, China
  • Received:2019-10-17 Revised:2019-10-30 Online:2019-12-15 Published:2019-12-31

不同牧草混播对退化高寒草甸土壤养分及生物量的影响

张骞1, 张中华1, 马丽1, 杨晓渊1, 郭婧1, 徐文华1, 周秉荣2, 邵新庆3, 王芳1, 贾永忠4, 贺有龙5, 金欣6, 周华坤1   

  1. 1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所青海省寒区恢复生态学重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810001;
    2. 青海省气象科学研究所, 青海 西宁 810001;
    3. 中国农业大学动物科技学院, 北京 100193;
    4. 循化县积石镇政府农村经济综合服务中心, 青海 海东 810600;
    5. 青海省果洛州草原站, 青海 大武 814000;
    6. 青海省气象灾害防御技术中心, 青海 西宁 810001
  • 通讯作者: 周华坤,E-mail:hkzhou@nwipb.cas.cn
  • 作者简介:张骞(1993-),男,山西临汾人,硕士研究生,主要从事高寒草甸恢复生态学研究,E-mail:1454184425@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFC0501901）；国家自然科学基金项目（31672475）；中国科学院科技服务网络计划（STS计划）（KFJ-STS-ZDTP-036，KFJ-STS-ZDTP-056-2）；中科院先导专项（XDA2005010405）；青海省创新平台建设专项（2017-ZJ-Y20）；青海省自然科学基金面上项目（2019-ZJ-908）；青海省重点研发与转化计划（2016-NK-A7-BA-02，2019-SF-A12）；（2017）年度青海三江源生态保护和建设二期工程科研和推广项目（2017-S-1）；第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目（2019QZKK0302）资助

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Abstract: Appropriate pasture grasses mixed sowing has important practical significance for improving the status of animal husbandry in degraded alpine meadows and alpine regions. However,the characteristics of soil nutrient and biomass in degraded alpine meadow under different pasture grasses mixed sowing conditions are not clear. To this end,in this study, a three-year mixed sowing test in severely degraded alpine meadows in the Three River Source was carried out to explore the effects of different pasture grasses including Elymus nutans,Poa pratensis and Medicago falcata on soil nutrient and biomass in degraded alpine meadows. The results showed that under different pasture grasses mixed sowing conditions,the soil organic carbon content in meadow was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen and different nitrogen forms (P<0.05). The soil nutrient content in meadow was significantly changed (P<0.05). The soil nutrient status of EM (Elymus nutans+Medicago falcata) mixed sowing was the best;The aboveground and underground biomass of meadow increased significantly (P<0.05),and the effect of EM mixed sowing was the most significant (P<0.05). In summary,in the process of restoration of severely degraded alpine meadows,such as artificial grassland establishment,it is recommended to choose EM mixed sowing.

Key words: Pasture grasses, Mixed sowing, Soil nutrient, Biomass

摘要： 适宜的牧草混播对于改善退化高寒草甸及高寒地区畜牧业现状具有重要的现实意义，但不同牧草混播条件下退化高寒草甸土壤养分及生物量变化特征尚不明确。为此，本研究以垂穗披碱草（Elymus nutans）、早熟禾（Poa pratensis）、呼伦贝尔苜蓿（Medicago falcata）为试验草种，在三江源区重度退化高寒草甸开展为期3年的混播试验，探讨不同牧草混播对退化高寒草甸土壤养分及生物量的影响。结果表明：不同牧草混播条件下，草甸土壤有机碳含量与全氮及不同形态氮素含量呈显著正相关（P<0.05）；草甸土壤养分含量发生显著变化（P<0.05），EM（垂穗披碱草+呼伦贝尔苜蓿）混播的土壤养分状况最佳；草甸地上、地下生物量显著增加（P<0.05），EM混播的效果最为显著（P<0.05）。综上，在重度退化高寒草甸恢复过程中，如采取人工草地建植手段，建议选择EM混播。

关键词: 牧草, 混播, 土壤养分, 生物量

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