Abstract: By exploring the effects of organic fertilizers on the community characteristics and forage quality of alpine degraded meadow,the optimal fertilization amount was selected to provide theoretical basis for the restoration of alpine degraded meadow. In this study,we took Tianzhu alpine degraded meadow as the object,and adopted two different organic fertilizers (sheep manure and cow dung) with different fertilization amounts (1,2,3 and 4 kg·m^-2) and different fertilization methods (sheep manure alone,cow dung alone and mixed application of sheep manure and cow dung) in 2022. The effects of different organic fertilizer treatments on grassland community characteristics and forage quality were analyzed,and the fertilizer efficiency was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis and fuzzy membership function method,and the optimal plan for applying organic fertilizer in this region was screened. The results showed that:In the application of 2-3 kg·m^-2 in alpine degraded meadow,the three kinds of fertilizers could improve community biomass,coverage,crude protein and crude fat content of forage,maintain grassland species diversity,and had a high comprehensive score ranking. The application of 3 kg·m^-2 combined with cattle and sheep manure can improve grassland productivity and improve forage quality. It has a positive effect on the restoration of alpine degraded meadow and can be used as a reference for the restoration of alpine degraded meadow.

Key words: Organic fertilizer, Different gradients, Alpine degraded meadow, Community characteristics, Forage quality

摘要： 通过探讨有机肥对高寒退化草甸群落特征及牧草品质的影响，筛选最佳施肥量，为高寒退化草甸修复提供理论依据。本文以天祝高寒退化草甸为对象，于2022年采用了两种不同有机肥(羊粪和牛粪)及不同施肥量(1，2，3和4 kg·m^-2)和不同施肥方式(单施羊粪、单施牛粪和牛羊粪混施)，分析不同有机肥处理对草地群落特征和牧草品质的影响，并运用主成分分析和模糊隶属函数法综合评价肥效，筛选该区域施用有机肥最佳方案。结果表明：在高寒退化草甸施肥时，三种肥料均在2~3 kg·m^-2施量时，可以提高群落生物量、盖度、牧草粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量，维持草地物种多样性，综合评分排名较高，牛羊粪混施3 kg·m^-2的施量提高了草地生产力，改善了牧草品质，对高寒退化草甸恢复有积极作用，可作为修复高寒退化草甸的参考。

关键词: 有机肥, 不同梯度, 高寒退化草甸, 群落特征, 牧草品质