Abstract: The study of the distribution characteristics of surface soil salinity under different utilization patterns may provide basic scientific support for analyzing and evaluating the effects of different utilization patterns on grassland ecosystems,and for rationalizing the use of grassland resources. In this study,we took the grassland under three different utilization patterns of Hulunbuir grassland:grazing exclusion,cutting and grazing as research objects. To explore the distribution characteristics of soil salinity under different utilization patterns by field sampling and quantitative analysis in the lab. The results showed that:With the increase of grassland utilization intensity,soil salinity content increased. The main cation was Ca²⁺ and its proportion gradually increased,the main anion transitioned from SO^2-₄ to HCO^-₃. Soil salinity was significantly influenced by the utilization pattern (P<0.05). Compared with grazing and cutting,lower soil salinity content was found under grazing exclusion. and soil salinity had obvious surface aggregation characteristics under grazing exclusion and grazing. In general,grazing exclusion could effectively suppress the increase of soil salinity content,and reduce soil salinization. This study analyzed the responses of grassland surface soil salinity content to different utilization patterns,and the results can provide scientific support for optimizing the management and utilization of temperate meadow grassland.

Key words: Hulunbuir Grassland, Utilization patterns, Soil salinity distribution characteristic

摘要： 研究不同利用方式下草原表层土壤盐分分布特征，可为分析和评价不同利用方式对草地生态系统的影响、合理利用草地资源提供基础科学支撑。本研究以呼伦贝尔草原围封、刈割、放牧3种利用方式下的草地为研究对象，采用野外、室内相结合的方法，探究不同利用方式下研究区土壤盐分分布特征。结果表明：随着草地利用强度的增加，土壤盐分含量上升，主要表现为Ca²⁺占比逐渐增多，主要阴离子由SO^2-₄过渡为HCO^-₃；土壤盐分含量受利用方式影响显著（P<0.05）；围封下土壤盐分含量低于其他利用方式；土壤盐分在放牧和围封时均呈表聚特征。总体来看，围封能够有效抑制土壤盐分增加，改善土壤盐渍化。本研究分析了草原表层土壤盐分含量对不同利用方式的响应，研究结果可为优化温性草甸草原管理和利用提供科学支撑。

关键词: 呼伦贝尔草原, 利用方式, 土壤盐分分布特征