Abstract: As the essential pollinators of many crops and wild plants,bumblebees play an important role in maintaining the balance of agriculture and ecosystems. In this study,the Bombus kashmirensis was used for transcriptome sequencing by using Illumina Novaseq platform and microsatellite locus were development based on the transcriptome data. The results indicated that a total of 95 639 well-sequenced unigenes were obtained from the transcriptome sequencing of Bombus kashmirensis,with GO annotations and KEGG pathway enrichment focusing on molecular functions,cellular processes and carbohydrate metabolism. A total of 27 414 microsatellite loci were obtained based on transcriptome data,with a locus frequency of 17.81%. The major repeat type of microsatellites was Mono-nucleotide repeats，of which A/T was the dominant motif,accounting for 55.89% of the total microsatellites number,and the major microsatellites base repeats were in the range of 11~15 repeats (48.61%). Thirty microsatellite loci were validated using samples from 10 different Bombus kashmirensis,of which 17 primer pairs were stably amplified. This study provides an important reference for population genetics studies such as adaptation and evolution of Bombus kashmirensis.

Key words: Bombus kashmirensis, Transcriptome sequencing, Microsatellite analysis

摘要： 作为众多农作物和野生植物的重要传粉者，熊蜂在维持农业和生态系统平衡中发挥十分重要的作用。本研究以克什米尔熊蜂(Bombus kashmirensis)为研究对象，使用Illumina Novaseq平台进行转录组测序，并基于转录组数据进行微卫星位点的开发。结果显示，克什米尔熊蜂转录组测序共获得95 639条测序良好的unigene，GO注释和KEGG通路富集主要集中在分子功能、细胞进程和碳水化合物代谢上。基于转录组数据共获得27 414个微卫星位点，位点发生频率17.81%。简单重复序列主要重复类型为单碱基，其中A/T为优势基元，占总微卫星数量的55.89%，且微卫星主要重复次数范围在11~15次(48.61%)。用10头不同克什米尔熊蜂样品对30个微卫星位点进行验证，有17对引物可稳定扩增。本研究为克什米尔熊蜂的适应与进化等种群遗传学研究提供了重要参考。

关键词: 克什米尔熊蜂, 转录组测序, 微卫星分析