Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (9): 3024-3033.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.09.026

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Evaluation of Habitat Suitability of Important Medicinal Plants Gentianaceae in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Based on the Optimized Maximum Entropy Model

DOU Quan-hui1,2, CHEN Cheng-hao1, ZENGTAI Yi-hei3, LONGZHU Duo-jie1, MIAO Qi1, SUN Fang-hui1, CAIRANG La-mao1, CHEN Xi1, SUONAN Ji1,4   

  1. 1. College of Life Science, Qinghai Normal University, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Formation Mechanism and Comprehensive Utilization of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai Province 810000, China;
    2. Collage of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhuo University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China;
    3. Tibetan Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, Qinghai Province 810007, China;
    4. People' s Government of Qinghai Province & Beijing Normal University, Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Xining, Qinghai Province 810000, China
  • Received:2024-10-22 Revised:2024-12-18 Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-09-22

基于优化的MaxEnt模型预测龙胆科重要药用植物在青藏高原的生境适宜性研究

窦全慧1,2, 陈程浩1, 曾太乙亥3, 龙主多杰1, 苗琪1, 孙芳慧1, 才让拉毛1, 陈曦1, 索南吉1,4   

  1. 1. 青海师范大学生命科学学院, 青海省青藏高原生物多样性形成机制与综合利用重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810000;
    2. 兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 甘肃 兰州 730000;
    3. 青海省藏医院, 青海 西宁 810007;
    4. 青海省人民政府-北京师范大学高原科学与可持续发展研究院, 青海 西宁 810000
  • 通讯作者: 索南吉,E-mail:sonamkyi@163.com
  • 作者简介:窦全慧(1998-),女,汉族,青海湟中人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生态学研究,E-mail:220220901050@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(32160285);青海师范大学校级教研项目(qhnujy202205)资助

Abstract: This study predicted the potential suitable habitats of medicinal plant Gentianaceae in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using the optimized MaxEnt model (parameter settings: regularization multiplier 1.6, feature combinations LQPT, AUC=0.84) based on 746 distribution records and 15 environmental variables, and identified key environmental drivers. The results showed: (1) Six critical factors, including annual precipitation (bio12), elevation (bio20), annual average temperature (bio1), minimum temperature of coldest month (bio6), mean temperature in the coldest quarter (bio11), and warmest quarter precipitation (bio18), cumulatively contributed 89.2%, among which precipitation dominated distribution patterns. (2) Current high-suitability areas (38.62×104 km2) were in the eastern and southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, totaling 128.59×104 km2 of suitable habitats. (3) Under future climate scenarios (SSP126/SSP585, 2040s-2100s), suitable habitats exhibited expansion toward higher elevation, with distribution centroid shifting northwestward and potential distribution belts extending to western high-altitude regions. Projections revealed the Sichuan-Tibet Alpine Valleys and Hengduan Mountains was core expansion zones. However, intensive human activities and insufficient protection coverage in these regions. It recommended prioritizing the establishment of germplasm resource banks for Gentianaceae medicinal plants to reconcile resource utilization and ecological conservation in expansion hotspots.

Key words: Climate change, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Gentianaceae, Medicinal plant, Distribution area

摘要: 本研究基于青藏高原746个龙胆科药用植物分布点和15个环境变量,利用优化的MaxEnt模型(参数设置:正则化系数1.6,特征组合LQPT,AUC=0.84)预测其潜在适生区,并揭示关键环境驱动因子。结果显示:年降水量(bio12)、海拔(bio20)、年平均气温(bio1)、最冷月份的最低温度(bio6)、最冷季的平均气温(bio11)和最暖季降水(bio18)等6个因子累计贡献89.2%,其中降水主导分布格局。当代高适生区(38.62×104 km2)集中于青藏高原东部及东南部,总适生区达128.59×104 km2。未来气候情景(SSP126/SSP585,2040s-2100s)下适生区呈现高海拔扩张趋势,质心向西北迁移,潜在分布带延伸至高原西部高海拔区域。模型预测显示川藏高山峡谷与横断山区将成为核心扩张区,但该区域人类活动密集且现有保护区覆盖率不足。建议扩张区域优先构建龙胆科药用植物种质资源库,以协调资源利用与生态保护的矛盾。

关键词: 气候变化, 青藏高原, 龙胆科, 药用植物, 分布区

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