Analysis of Ecosystem Multifunctionality and Driving Factors of Three Types of Grassland in the Northern Tibetan Plateau

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.10.029

Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (10): 3840-3852.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.10.029

Analysis of Ecosystem Multifunctionality and Driving Factors of Three Types of Grassland in the Northern Tibetan Plateau

HAI Yan^1,2, WANG Zhi-cheng^1,2, WANG Wen-bi^1,2, CAO Jia-ning^1,2, CAO Ya-hong^1,2, MA Xiao-bai^1,2, KANG Yu-kun^1,2, SU Jun-hu^1,2,3

1. College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education; Gansu Provincial Grassland Engineering Laboratory; China-US Center for Sustainable Development of Grassland Livestock Industry, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
2. Grassland Biodiversity Research Center, Gansu Agricultural University-Massey University, New Zealand, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China, China;
3. Qilian Mountains Grassland Ecosystem Field Scientific Observation and Research Station, Tianzhu, Gansu Province 733200, China

Received:2026-03-09 Revised:2026-05-21 Published:2026-10-10

藏北高原3种草地生态系统多功能性及其驱动因子分析

海岩^1,2, 王志成^1,2, 王文碧^1,2, 曹家宁^1,2, 曹雅虹^1,2, 马晓白^1,2, 康宇坤^1,2, 苏军虎^1,2,3

1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室, 中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心, 甘肃兰州 730070;
2. 甘肃农业大学-新西兰梅西大学草地生物多样性研究中心, 甘肃兰州 730070;
3. 甘肃省祁连山草原生态系统野外科学观测研究站, 甘肃天祝 733200

通讯作者: 康宇坤, E-mail: kangyk@gsau.edu.cn;苏军虎, E-mail: sujh@gsau.edu.cn
作者简介:海岩（2000-），男，回族，河南郑州人，硕士研究生，主要从事草地生态学等研究，E-mail：1909467548@qq.com
基金资助:
中央财政林业草原生态保护恢复（国家公园）资金项目《退化草地生态修复成效监测及技术应用》（NLCHT-2024-0703）资助

Abstract

Abstract: To investigate the differences in ecosystem multifunctionality （EMF） and its driving factors among three grassland ecosystem types in the northern Tibetan Plateau， in this study we determined the vegetation community characteristics and soil physicochemical properties of different grasslands. Combined with a quantitative assessment of EMF， redundancy analysis and structural equation modeling were employed to explore the effects of various factors on EMF. The results showed that： Alpine meadow exhibited the highest values for plant diversity， biomass， and soil nutrients （P<0.05）， and its EMF （0.70） was significantly higher than that of alpine steppe （0.41） and alpine desert steppe （0.39）. Regarding driving factors， the EMF of alpine desert steppe was primarily regulated by aboveground biomass and soil water content. The EMF of alpine steppe was modulated by pH and soil water content. And the EMF of alpine meadow was synergistically driven by belowground biomass， pH， and total potassium. Across the three grassland ecosystems， soil organic matter， total potassium， soil water content， aboveground biomass， and belowground biomass were significantly positively correlated with EMF （P<0.05）. Furthermore， soil factors indirectly enhanced EMF by influencing plant growth. In conclusion， soil factors were the primary drivers of grassland EMF in this region. Therefore， in practice， measures should be tailored to local conditions， optimizing both soil conditions and vegetation structure to enhance grassland EMF.

Key words: Alpine grasslands, Ecosystem multifunctionality, Grassland types, Plant community, Soil physicochemical properties

摘要： 为探究藏北高原3种草地生态系统多功能性（Ecosystem multifunctionality，EMF）差异及其驱动因子，本研究测定了不同草地的植被群落特征与土壤理化性质，结合EMF量化评估，采用冗余分析与结构方程模型等方法探讨各因子对EMF的影响。结果表明：高寒草甸的植物多样性、生物量及土壤养分等指标最高（P<0.05），其EMF（0.70）显著高于高寒草原（0.41）和高寒荒漠草原（0.39）；驱动因子方面，高寒荒漠草原的EMF由地上生物量和土壤含水量主导；高寒草原受pH与土壤含水量调控；而高寒草甸受地下生物量、pH和全钾协同驱动；三种草地生态系统的土壤有机质、全钾、含水量及地上地下生物量与EMF呈显著正相关（P<0.05），土壤因子通过影响植物生长间接提升EMF。综上，土壤因子是驱动该区草地EMF的首要因素。因此，实践中应因地制宜，通过优化土壤与植被结构以提升草地的EMF。

关键词: 高寒草地, 生态系统多功能性, 草地类型, 植物群落, 土壤理化性质

CLC Number:

Q148

HAI Yan, WANG Zhi-cheng, WANG Wen-bi, CAO Jia-ning, CAO Ya-hong, MA Xiao-bai, KANG Yu-kun, SU Jun-hu. Analysis of Ecosystem Multifunctionality and Driving Factors of Three Types of Grassland in the Northern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(10): 3840-3852.

海岩, 王志成, 王文碧, 曹家宁, 曹雅虹, 马晓白, 康宇坤, 苏军虎. 藏北高原3种草地生态系统多功能性及其驱动因子分析[J]. 草地学报, 2026, 34(10): 3840-3852.

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Analysis of Ecosystem Multifunctionality and Driving Factors of Three Types of Grassland in the Northern Tibetan Plateau

藏北高原3种草地生态系统多功能性及其驱动因子分析

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