Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 1267-1273.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2025.04.027

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Investigation into the Distribution and Hazards of Toxic Plants in the Natural Grasslands of Alxa Left Banner

LI Bo1, Morigenbielige null2, Wuyunga null3, Surilage null4, Sharikou null4, LI Guo-zhong2, ZHAO Bao-yu1, LU Hao1   

  1. 1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;
    2. Alxa Left Banner Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Alxa Left Banner, Inner Mongolia 750300, China;
    3. Alxa Left Banner Grassland Workstation, Alxa Left Banner, Inner Mongolia 750300, China;
    4. Alxa Left Banner Yingen Town Comprehensive Support and Technology Extension Center, Alxa Left Banner, Inner Mongolia 750300, China
  • Received:2024-07-05 Revised:2024-11-14 Online:2025-04-15 Published:2025-04-28

阿拉善左旗天然草原有毒植物分布及危害调查

李博1, 莫日根别力格2, 乌云嘎3, 苏日拉格4, 沙日扣4, 李国中2, 赵宝玉1, 路浩1   

  1. 1. 西北农林科技大学动物医学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100;
    2. 阿拉善左旗动物疫病预防控制中心, 内蒙古 阿拉善左旗 750300;
    3. 阿拉善左旗草原工作站, 内蒙古 阿拉善左旗 750300;
    4. 阿拉善左旗银根 苏木综合保障和技术推广中心, 内蒙古 阿拉善左旗 750300
  • 通讯作者: 路浩,E-mail:luhao@nwsuaf.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:李博(1998-),男,汉族,山东菏泽人,硕士研究生,主要从事动物中毒病防治研究,E-mail: libo199800@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1801100);国家自然科学基金项目(32072929)资助

Abstract: Posionous plants are one of the important factors affecting the healthy development of animal husbandry in Alxa Left Banner. In order to clarify the distribution of posionous plant species and the current situation of poisoning hazards caused by posionous plants to livestock in Alxa Left Banner, in this study we conducted field visits and data collection, and the distribution of main posionous plants was investigated by conducting a quadrat sampling survey to clarify the status of toxic plants poisoning disease. The results showed that the hazardous area of poisonous plants reached 232.88×104 hm2, accounting for 61.53% of the available grassland area in Alxa Left Banner. The dominant poisonous plants are Astragalus variabilisOxytropis glabraAchnatherum inebriansCynanchum komarviiSophora alopecuroidesThermopsis lanceolataPrunus mongolicaPeganum harmala and Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, with distribution areas of 75.54×104 hm2, 34.14×104 hm2, 5.67×104 hm2, 24.82×104 hm2, 9.46×104 hm2, 9.01×104 hm2, 71.53×104 hm2, 14.08×104 hm2, and 17.33×104 hm2 respectively. It was evident from the survey results that poisonous plants were widely distributed in Alxa Left Banner, and poisonous plant has become a crucial factor restricting the healthy development of animal husbandry in this region. Therefore, it is urgent to develop effective measures to prevent and control poisonous plants.

Key words: Poisonous plants, Natural grassland, Poisoning disease, Alxa Left Banner

摘要: 有毒植物是影响阿拉善左旗天然草原畜牧业健康发展的重要因素之一。为了明确阿拉善左旗有毒植物种类分布及家畜有毒植物中毒病危害现状,通过实地走访调查和资料收集,对阿拉善左旗常见有毒植物种类、分布及危害进行调查,并针对主要有毒植物分布进行样方调查,以明确有毒植物中毒病危害现状。阿拉善左旗有毒植物危害面积达232.88×104 hm2,占阿拉善左旗可利用草原面积的61.53%。优势有毒植物为变异黄芪(Astragalus variabilis)、小花棘豆(Oxytropis glabra)、醉马芨芨草(Achnatherum inebrians)、牛心朴子(Cynanchum komarvii)、苦豆子(Sophora alopecuroides)、披针叶黄华(Thermopsis lanceolata)、蒙古扁桃(Prunus mongolica)、骆驼蓬(Peganum harmala)和沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)共9种,分布面积分别为75.54×104,34.14×104,5.67×104,24.82×104,9.46×104,9.01×104,71.53×104,14.08×104和17.33×104 hm2。由调查结果可见,阿拉善左旗天然草原有毒植物种类多、分布广且危害大,已成为制约阿拉善左旗畜牧业健康发展的关键因素,研制有效的有毒植物防控措施刻不容缓。

关键词: 有毒植物, 天然草原, 中毒病, 阿拉善左旗

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