Abstract: To elucidate the adaptive capacity of Cyperus esculentus to salt-alkali stress and clarify the synergistic effects of salt and alkali， a two-factor completely randomized design was employed using ‘Zhongyousha 1’ as the test material. Compound salt-alkali stress was imposed using six salt gradients （0， 100， 150， 200， 250， and 300 mmol·L^-1 Na⁺） and three alkali gradients （pH 7.0， 8.5， and 10.0）. Seed germination， seedling growth， leaf osmolytes， and antioxidant parameters were determined under these conditions. The results showed that germination percentage， fresh weight， and seedling length decreased significantly with increasing salt stress （P<0.05）. Notably， the lethal salt threshold under strong alkali conditions （250 mmol·L^-1） was lower than that in neutral and weak alkali environments （300 mmol·L^-1）. With intensifying stress， seedlings mitigated damage by accumulating proline， soluble sugars， and soluble proteins for osmotic adjustment， and by enhancing peroxidase and catalase activities. In conclusion， Cyperus esculentus adapted to salt-alkali stress by regulating osmotic and antioxidant capacities； however， excessive salt and alkali levels exceed its tolerance threshold， causing irreversible damage. These findings provide a scientific basis for promoting the cultivation of Cyperus esculentus in saline-alkali lands in Xinjiang.

Key words: Cyperus esculentus, Saline-alkali stress, Seedling growth, Leaf osmotic adjustment, Antioxidant capacity

摘要： 为揭示油莎豆（Cyperus esculentus）对盐碱胁迫的适应能力，明确盐碱协同效应，以‘中油莎1号’为试验材料，通过两因素完全随机实验，设置6个盐梯度（0，100，150，200，250和300 mmol·L^-1 Na⁺）和3个碱梯度（pH为7.0，8.5和10.0）进行盐碱复合胁迫。对不同盐碱胁迫下油莎豆种子萌发、幼苗生长、叶片渗透物质和抗氧化指标进行测定。结果表明，油莎豆种子发芽率、幼苗鲜重和苗长随着盐胁迫的增加均显著下降（P<0.05），且强碱条件下致死盐阈值（250 mmol·L^-1）低于中性及弱碱环境（300 mmol·L^-1）。随胁迫加剧，幼苗通过积累脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白进行渗透调节，并提高过氧化物酶与过氧化氢酶活性以缓解损伤。综上所述，油莎豆会通过调节渗透和抗氧化能力适应盐碱胁迫，但在高盐和高碱胁迫时会超过其耐受阈值，导致不可逆损伤。研究结果为油莎豆在新疆盐碱地的推广种植提供科学依据。

关键词: 油莎豆, 盐碱胁迫, 幼苗生长, 叶片渗透调节, 抗氧化能力