Acta Agrestia Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 2553-2567.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.019

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Study on the Succession Characteristics of Plant Communities and Soil Limiting Factors in Degraded Patches of Alpine Meadow

MA Jing-juan1,2, LI Xi-lai1,2, YING Tong-jiang1, CHA Yu1,2, GAO Pei1,2, LI Cheng-yi1, WU Yong1,2, ZHOU Yi-zhi1,2   

  1. 1. College of Forestry and Grassland, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China
  • Received:2025-07-04 Revised:2025-08-30 Published:2026-07-02

高寒草甸退化斑块植物群落演替特征及土壤限制因子研究

马婧娟1,2, 李希来1,2, 尹通江1, 柴瑜1,2, 高佩1,2, 李成一1, 吴勇1,2, 周怡志1,2   

  1. 1. 青海大学林草学院, 青海 西宁 810016;
    2. 青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810016
  • 通讯作者: 李希来,E-mail:xilai-li@163.com
  • 作者简介:马婧娟(1997-),女,汉族,甘肃天水人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生态修复研究,E-mail:mjingjuan@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学联合基金重点支持项目(U23A20159,U21A20191);青海省科学技术厅项目(2023-QY-210);高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(D18013)资助

Abstract: In this study, four typical patches under the conditions of shoaly land and sloping land, including bare patches, short-term restoration patches, long-term restoration patches and healthy alpine meadow, were selected. Through plant quadrat survey, the changes of community characteristics in different types of patches during natural restoration and succession were analyzed, and their correlation with soil factors was discussed. The differences of plant community characteristics and key soil limiting factors in different types of patches were revealed. The results showed that with the restoration succession, the plant diversity of shoaly land and sloping land increased significantly, and the functional group coverage and aboveground biomass were significantly different. The quantitative characteristics, diversity, coverage of functional groups (except Fabaceae) and aboveground biomass of plant communities in shoaly land were higher than those in sloping land. Plant community indexes were positively correlated with soil water content, temperature, conductivity, organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen, and negatively correlated with pH value. Organic carbon, total phosphorus, total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were the key limiting factors of plant community characteristics in shoaly land, and pH, ammonium nitrogen and organic carbon were the key limiting factors of plant community characteristics in sloping land. In short, the soil conditions of the patchily degraded alpine meadow had been improved and restored, which in turn promoted the positive succession of plant communities.

Key words: Site condition, Patchy degradation, Alpine meadows, Restoration succession, Plant community characteristics, Soil factors

摘要: 本研究在滩地和坡地2种立地条件下,选取裸露斑块、短期恢复斑块、长期恢复斑块及健康高寒草甸4类典型斑块,通过植物样方调查,分析不同类型斑块在自然恢复演替过程中群落特征的变化,探讨其与土壤因子的相关性,揭示不同类型斑块植物群落特征的差异及关键土壤限制因子。结果表明,随着恢复演替的进行,滩地和坡地植物多样性显著增加,两地间在植物功能群盖度和地上生物量上存在显著差异;滩地植物群落数量特征、多样性及功能群(豆科除外)盖度和地上生物量高于坡地;植物群落指标与土壤含水量、温度、电导率、有机碳、全氮、全磷、硝态氮、铵态氮正相关,与pH值负相关;土壤有机碳、全磷、全氮、铵态氮是滩地植物群落特征的关键限制因子,pH、铵态氮、有机碳是坡地植物群落特征的关键限制因子。总之,斑块化退化高寒草甸的土壤条件得到改善与恢复,进而促进了植物群落的正向演替。

关键词: 立地条件, 斑块化退化, 高寒草甸, 恢复演替, 植物群落特征, 土壤因子

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