Abstract: Basing on the livelihood vulnerability assessment framework， this study constructed a theoretical model of herders’ livelihood vulnerability. Using field survey data from 414 herder households in the pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia， the comprehensive index method was employed to evaluate their livelihood vulnerability. Furthermore， an Ordinary Least Squares （OLS） regression model was applied to analyze the impacts of herders’ climate change adaptation behaviors on their livelihood vulnerability. The results indicated a correlation between herders’ livelihood vulnerability and grassland resource endowments. Furthermore， adaptation behaviors such as purchasing forage and increasing the number of days of stall-feeding were found to exacerbate their livelihood vulnerability. Adaptation measures， such as selling weak livestock， constructing sheds， adjusting livestock composition， and well-digging， had a mitigating effect on herders’ livelihood vulnerability. The impact of grassland ecological compensation and reward policies on livelihood vulnerability exhibited a threshold effect and heterogeneity. Based on the research conclusions， the following recommendations were proposed： creating a pastoral innovation network， providing climate-adaptive technical guidance， and establishing a dynamic adjustment mechanism to formulate regionally differentiated compensation and reward standards. These measures aimed to serve as a reference for the government in formulating effective policies to alleviate herders’ livelihood vulnerability， enhance their capacity to withstand climate change shocks， and promote the sustainable development of animal husbandry.

Key words: Herder households, Climate change, Adaptive behaviors, Livelihood vulnerability, Grassland Ecological Compensation and Reward Policy, Threshold effect

摘要： 本研究基于生计脆弱性评估框架构建牧户生计脆弱性理论，利用内蒙古草原牧区414户牧户实地调研数据，采用综合指数法评估研究区牧户生计脆弱性，并通过普通最小二乘法（Ordinary Least Squares，OLS）回归模型分析牧户气候变化适应性行为对其生计脆弱性的影响。结果表明：牧户生计脆弱性与草地资源禀赋具有相关性；购买饲草料、增加圈养天数的牧户气候变化适应性行为会加剧其生计脆弱性；出售虚弱牲畜、修建棚圈、调整牲畜结构、打井的牧户气候变化适应性行为对牧户生计脆弱性具有缓解作用；草原生态补奖政策对牧户生计脆弱性的影响存在门槛效应，且具有异质性。根据研究结论提出创建牧业创新网络，提供气候适应性技术指导；建立动态调整机制，制定区域差异化补奖标准，以期能为政府提出有效缓解牧户生计脆弱性、提升牧户应对气候变化冲击能力、促进畜牧业可持续发展的政策提供参考。

关键词: 牧户, 气候变化, 适应性行为, 生计脆弱性, 草原生态补奖政策, 门槛效应