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15 November 2010, Volume 29 Issue 6
    

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  • Two new species of Phialophora from Guizhou Province
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 783-785.
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    Two new species of Phialophora, Phialophora subterranea and P. levis isolated from soil of Guizhou Province are described and illustrated. The dried specimens and living cultures examined are deposited in the Herbarium of Guizhou University: Plant Pathology (HGUP).
  • Soil dematiaceous hyphomycetes from Lhasa River Valley, Tibet, China
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 786-790.
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    A total of 38 isolates of soil dematiaceous hyphomycetes belonging to 25 species in 15 genera were obtained from 17 soil samples in the Lhasa River Valley. Among them, Gliomastix tibetensis, Monodictys tibetensis and Phialomyces microsporus are new species. Chrysosporium keratinophilum is a new record for China. The other 21 species previously known from China are also included. All descriptions and illustrations provided were based on Chinese isolates. The holotype and isotype specimens are deposited in the Herbarium of Shandong Agricultural University: Plant Pathology (HSAUP) and the Herbarium Mycologicum, Academiae Sinicae (HMAS), respectively. The other specimens are kept in HSAUP.
  • Notes on soil dematiaceous hyphomycetes from Guizhou Province, China Ⅰ
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 791-794.
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    Fourteen isolates of soil dematiaceous hyphomycetes belonging to 12 species in 11 genera were obtained from 20 soil samples of Guizhou Province. Among them, Humicola pallescens is described as a new species, Chloridium virescens var. chlamydosporum and Graphium indicum are new records to China. All dried specimens and living cultures examined are deposited in the Herbarium of Plant Pathology (HSAUP) of Shandong Agricultural University.
  • A new Pythium species isolated from vegetable fields and analysis by rDNA ITS sequence
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 795-800.
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    Pythium guangxiense sp. nov., isolated from vegetable fields in Nanning, Guangxi, China, was described as a new species. It was distinguished from other similar species by the presence of spherical or subspherical sporangia, spherical, subspherical, oval or sac-like oogonia and the monoclinous and diclinous antheridia with often branched stalks twining round the oogonia. The ITS region of rDNA consisted of 772 bases was amplified and sequenced. This new species was closely related to the members producing filamentous inflated sporangia such as Pythium graminicola, P. periilum and P. inflatum on a phylogenetic tree established based on ITS sequences. Taxonomic description and comparison with relative species were made.
  • Species diversity of wood-decaying fungi in Northeast China
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 801-818.
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    The knowledge of wood-decaying fungi in northeastern China is summarized, and 504 species, including their host and distribution in NE China, are listed alphabetically. Among them, 300 species are polyporoid fungi, 204 are corticioid fungi, 57 are forest pathogens, and 69 are medicinal fungi. Two species, Perenniporia pyricola and Wrightoporia borealis, are new to science, and their illustrated descriptions are given. All the names were checked or revised in accordance with the contemporary taxonomy and the latest version of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Vienna Code).
  • Hymenochaete (Hymenochaetales) in Hainan
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 819-823.
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    Hymenochaete in Hainan Province is preliminarily studied and twelve species were identified. Among them, two species, H. anomala, H. minuscula are new to China and one species, H. muroiana is new to the mainland. H. anomala is characterized by the encrusted hyphae and cystidia, H. minuscula is unique for its thin and yellowish-brown basidiocarps, while H. muroiana has T-shaped setae and grows on bamboo. Descriptions of these three species and an identification key for the twelve Hymenochaete species in Hainan are provided.
  • Two species of polypores from Hainan new to China
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 824-827.
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    Two species of polypores, Coriolopsis byrsina and Rigidoporus adnatus, were found in Hainan Province of southern China. They are new to the Chinese fungal flora. Their illustrated descriptions are given based on the Chinese materials, and a key to accepted species of Chinese Coriolopsis is supplied.
  • Polypores from Bawangling Nature Reserve, Hainan Province
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 828-833.
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    About 400 specimens of poroid wood-decaying fungi were collected from Bawangling Nature Reserve, Hainan Province, and 110 species of polypores were identified from these materials. A checklist of the polypores is given. In addition, Lindtneria flava is new to Chinese fungal flora, and an illustrated description of the species is given according to our material. The knowledge on Lindtneria is also summarized, and a key to accepted worldwide species of the genus is provided.
  • Polypores from Chebaling Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 834-840.
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    About 350 specimens of poroid wood-decaying fungi were collected from Chebaling Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province, and 103 species of polypores were identified from these materials. A checklist of the polypores is given. Substrates and collecting data of each species are provided. Among these species, Fomitella is a new genus to Chinese fungal flora, and Fomitella fumosipora and Perenniporia straminea are new to China. Illustrated descriptions of the two species are given according to our materials.
  • Notes on dematiaceous hyphomycetes from dead wood Ⅱ. Three new records for China
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 841-844.
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    Three new Chinese records, Cryptophiale guadalcanalensis, C. iriomoteanum and C. udagawae were found on dead branches from Hainan Province, China. They are described and illustrated based on Chinese materials. The examined specimens are deposited in the Herbarium of the Department of Plant Pathology, Shandong Agricultural University (HSAUP).
  • An annotated checklist of Myxomycetes from Tibet, China
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 845-851.
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    In this paper, seventy five species and one variety of myxomycetes are reported from Tibet, China. Fifty two species and one variety are new to Tibet. Two species, Badhamia foliicola and Trichia crenulata, are new to China, and they were briefly described.
  • Notes on Myxomycetes from Qinghai, China
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 852-856.
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    Thirty six species and one variety of myxomycetes are reported from Qinghai Province, China. Diderma roanense is new to China and it was briefly described and discussed. Nineteen species are new to Qinghai, including Cribraria ferruginea, Cribraria oregana, Dictydium cancellatum, Dictydiaethalium plumbeum, Tubifera ferruginosa, Calomyxa metallica, Trichia persimilis, Trichia varia, Badhamia foliicola, Craterium leucocephalum, Diderma radiatum, Didymium minus, Fuligo septica, Physarum tenerum, Physarum viride, Comatricha laxa, Stemonaria longa, Stemonitis fusca and Stemonitopsis typhina. The results supplement the data for diversity of myxomycete species distributing in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as well as high-altitude mountains of China.
  • Species in section Gibbosum of Fusarium in China
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 857-863.
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    Species in section Gibbosum of Fusarium were widely distributed. Four species were included in the section, F. equiseti, F. scirpi, F. longipes and F. compactum. All of them produced dorsiventral curved macroconidia. Three species in the section were obtained by the authors. F. equiseti, the most common species, produced typical yellow-brown colony lacking red pigment and dorsiventral curved macroconidia with elongated apical cells and foot-shape basal cells. F. scirpi, the rare species, was characterized by producing abundant microconidia on typical cross-shape (three openings) conidiogenous cells. Because it easily mutated and change itself into microconidia-lacking type on PDA, it was commonly misidentified as F. equiseti. F. longipes produced distinctive macroconidia with exaggerated apical cells and basal cells. It was also easily confused with F. equiseti when it lost red color in colony. F. acuminatum is excluded from this section.
  • Sistotrema brinkmannii, a psychrotolerant fungus from Antarctic soil
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 864-868.
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    A psychrotolerant fungus with clamp connections was isolated from soil obtained from the Lake Fryxell Basin in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica. Phylogenetic analysis using ITS sequences of rDNA indentified the fungus as Sistotrema brinkmannii. Cultures produced basidia with clamp connections at their base and 4 to 8 characteristic sterigmata as well as the suballantoid basidiospores. Few filamentous basidiomycetes have been found in Antarctica and the biology and ecology of this fungus needs additional investigation.
  • First report of powdery mildew caused by Oidium cassiae-siameae on Cassia corymbosa
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 869-873.
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    Cassia corymbosa is an introduced ornamental shrub in the Yangtze River Delta area. Severe powdery mildew occurred on C. corymbosa from late August to mid-November. It caused early defoliation and some infected plants failed to survive in the following year. The powdery mildew is caused by Oidium cassiae-siameae. The pathogen did not develop teleomorph under field observation in the last three years. This is the first report of C. corymbosa, as a new host of powdery mildew caused by Oidium cassiae-siameae. This fungus is a newly reported species in mainland China.
  • The identification on pathogen of barbadosnut leaf blight
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 874-878.
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    A new leaf disease named as leaf blight of barbadosnut (Jatropha curcas), was first found in 2009 in Guizhou Province of China. The disease mainly infected leaves. The spots on diseased leaves were initially oval to irregular, then the spots gradually expanded and finally coalesced to form large leaf blight spots, and the seriously infected leaves easily defoliated earlier. Thirteen isolates were cultured from 16 leaf blight samples of barbadosnut collected from Luodian Plantation in Guizhou Province. The strain PE06 was investigated to be the pathogen based on pathogenic test and identified as Pestalotiopsis microspora according to the pathogen’s morphology and rDNA ITS sequence analysis. This is the first report of leaf blight of barbadosnut.
  • Isolation and characterization of two Meira geulakonigii strains with different colonymorphologies from Phyllostachys edulis
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 879-885.
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    The genus Meira originally discovered from cadavers of the citrus rust mite contains anamorphic basidiomycetous yeast-like fungi belonging to the Exobasidiomycetidae of the Ustilaginomycetes. Although their endophytic nature in plants is later verified, the host range, regional distribution and growth characteristics of Meira species in plants are still poorly understood. In this study, two new strains (PM1 and PM2) of Meira geulakonigii, the type species of Meira, were isolated from bamboo for the first time. They were physiologically and morphologically characterized and compared with two M. geulakonigii isolates PFS004 and AS004 which were reported previously. Strains PM1 and PM2 exhibited different hypha formation ability. They were closer to AS004 molecular-phylogenetically but closer to PFS004 physiologically. These two isolates are possibly valuable for further studies on hypha formation and functions of Meira species in bamboo.
  • Genetic diversity of Trametes versicolor revealed by inter-simple sequence repeat markers
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 886-892.
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    Thrity-four wild strains isolated from China were identified as Trametes versicolor based on morphological characteristics and molecular taxonomic evidence. The molecular classification of T. versicolor is highly consistent with the traditional classification. The genetic diversity of these strains was evaluated by analysis of inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR). Ninty-five countable bands were produced by 7 primers, of which 88 (92.6%) bands were polymorphic. ISSR markers clearly discriminated the differences among tested strains. The dendrogram based on ISSR data was constructed with similarity coefficients ranging from 0.58 to 0.91 and the strains were divided into 4 groups at a level of 0.60 similarity coefficient. Genetic diversity of different strains was related to geographic origins.
  • Oat-agar culture and rDNA-ITS sequence analyses of the plasmodium of Physarum melleum in Myxomycetes
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 893-896.
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    Plasmodium of Physarum melleum in myxomycetes was cultured in oat-agar medium, and rDNA-ITS from the plasmodia was amplified and sequenced. The culture condition of the plasmodia was described. DNA preparation method and PCR amplification conditions from the plasmodia were provided. The molecular phylogenetic relationships among P. melleum and related species were analyzed based on rDNA-ITS sequences using Neighbor-joining method.
  • Metabonomic analysis on production of antioxidant secondary metabolites by two geographically isolated strains of Inonotus obliquus in submerged cultures
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 897-910.
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    This study evaluated metabolic discrepancies between two geographically isolated cultures of Inonotus obliquus from Mudanjiang (IOM) and Vantaa (IOV) by NMR-based metabonomic analysis. IOM and IOV both accumulated mycelia, total mycelial phenolic compounds (TMP) and triterpenoids (TMT) in similar patterns, but with higher maximum TMP levels produced by IOM. Comparisons of culture kinetics of metabolites showed that higher amounts of detected hispidin analogs, inotodisaccharide and TMT were produced in IOM at day 3, but these levels fell from day 5. The metabolites responsible for these differences were fuscoparianol D, 21,24-lanosta-7,9(11),23-triene-3b,22,25-triol, lanosta-8,23-diene-3b,22,25-triol, 23,24-cyclopentalanosta-3b,21,25-triol-8-en, inotodisaccharide, phelligridins C and D and H, methylinoscavins A and C, inoscavins B, davallialactone and methyldavallialactone. These metabolites in IOV are all involved in scavenging free radicals, whereas those in IOM are phenolics. These differences between the two strains reflect different environmental conditions under which each is grown, affecting not only secondary metabolite biosynthesis, but their roles in protecting cells from oxidative damagea as well.
  • Isolation and structural characterization of a water-soluble polysaccharide from Hericium erinaceus
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 911-917.
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    A novel water-soluble heteropolysaccharide termed HEPF2 was isolated from the fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus. HEPF2 has a molecular weight of 1.66′104Da and is composed of fucose, galactose and glucose at a ratio of 1.00:3.69:5.42. HEPF2 also contains a small amount of 3-O-methylrhamnose. Its structural characteristics were further investigated by using combined technologies including FT-IR, sugar and methylation analysis, partial acid hydrolysis and NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that HEPF2 was a heteropolysaccharide chemically featured by (1→4)-linked glucosyl, (1→6)-linked glucosyl and (1→6)-linked galactosyl residue, attached to the O-2 of main chain with terminal fucosyl residue or a minor of terminal glucosyl and galactosyl residues. NMR spectra showed that (1→4)-linked glucosyl was β configuration, while (1→6)-linked galactosyl, (1→2,6)-linked galactosyl together with the terminal fucosyl residue were all α configuration.
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  • Four new records of Phyllachora from China
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 918-919.
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  • Three species of white Entoloma new to China
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 920-923.
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  • A new variety of crepidotoid Clitopilus from Taiwan, China
    Mycosystema. 2010, 29(6): 924-926.
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