化学除草剂不同施用方法对紫花苜蓿根际土壤微生物群落碳源利用的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2014.01.010

›› 2014, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (1): 57-64.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2014.01.010

化学除草剂不同施用方法对紫花苜蓿根际土壤微生物群落碳源利用的影响

李鑫¹, 张景云², 张萌萌¹, 鞠成梅², 郑桂英¹, 张会慧¹, 蔡敦江², 胡举伟¹, 孙广玉¹

1. 东北林业大学生命科学学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150040;
2. 黑龙江省农垦科学院作物所, 黑龙江佳木斯 154007

收稿日期:2013-05-27 修回日期:2013-09-23 出版日期:2014-02-15 发布日期:2014-01-28
通讯作者: 孙广玉，E-mail：sungy@vip.sina.com
作者简介:李鑫（1986-），女，黑龙江绥化人，博士研究生，主要从事植物营养生理研究，E-mail：lxlx1986@sina.com
基金资助:
国家科技支撑项目（2011BAD08B02-3）；黑龙江省自然科学基金重点项目（ZD201105）资助

Effects of Chemical Herbicide at Different Spraying Ways on the Carbon Source Metabolism of Soil Microbial Community in Alfalfa Rhizosphere

LI Xin¹, ZHANG Jing-yun², ZHANG Meng-meng¹, JU Cheng-mei², ZHENG Gui-ying¹, ZHANG Hui-hui¹, CAI Dun-jiang², HU Ju-wei¹, SUN Guang-yu¹

1. College of Life Science, Northeast Forest University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province 150040, China;
2. Institute of Crops, Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation and Agricultural Sciences, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang Province 154007, China

Received:2013-05-27 Revised:2013-09-23 Online:2014-02-15 Published:2014-01-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于Biolog-Eco检测技术研究了紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）出苗前后施用化学除草剂对根际土壤微生物群落碳源利用特征的影响，评价紫花苜蓿化学除草剂的施用方法对土壤微生物群落的作用。结果表明：茎叶除草剂处理组，土壤微生物在Biolog微平板上的平均颜色变化率（AWCD）和微生物代谢多样性指数最小，显著低于播后苗前除草剂与未经除草剂处理组（对照），而播后苗前除草剂与未经除草剂处理组间以上指标差异不显著。说明播后苗前除草剂对土壤微生物影响不大，而茎叶除草剂对土壤微生物产生了一定的毒害作用。主成分分析表明，各处理间的根际微生物群落功能多样性差异显著，其中对除草剂变化较敏感的碳源类型为聚合物、羧酸、糖类、氨基酸和双亲化合物类。茎叶除草剂显著降低了微生物群落对Biolog微平板中碳源的利用能力，最为明显的是L-苯丙氨酸、衣康酸、γ-羟丁酸、4-羟基苯甲酸、D，L-α-磷酸甘油、土温80、土温40、α-D-乳糖和i-赤藓糖醇。因此，土壤中残留的苗后茎叶除草剂对土壤微生物的影响不容忽视。

关键词: 除草剂, 根际土, 微生物群落, Biolog, 紫花苜蓿

Abstract: The effects of herbicide spraying ways on the carbon source utilization of soil microbial communities in pre-and post-seedling treatments were investigated using Biolog-Eco technology. Results showed that the average well color development (AWCD) and metabolic diversity indices of rhizosphere soil microbial community had the minimum values in post-seedling treatments which were significantly lower than in pre-seedling treatments and control (non-sprayed herbicide), whereas both values had no significant difference between pre-seedling treatments and control. It was indicated that herbicide in pre-seedling treatments has slight influence on soil microorganisms, and herbicide in post-seedling treatments had apparent toxic effect on soil microorganisms. Principal component analysis showed that the carbon utilization of rhizosphere soil microbial community had significant difference between different treatments. The carbon source types of polymers, carboxylic acids, carbohydrates, amino acids and miscellaneous were sensitive to the different spraying ways of herbicide. Herbicide in post-seedling treatments significantly decreased the sole-carbon-source metabolic ability of soil microbial communities, such as L-Phenylalanine, Itaconic acid, γ-Hydroxybutyric acid, 4-Hydroxy benzoic acid, D, L-α-glycerolohosphate, Tween 80, Tween 40, α-D-Lactose and i-Erythritol. Therefore, the effects of herbicide residues on soil microorganisms in post-seedling treatments cannot be ignored.

Key words: Herbicide, Rhizosphere soil, Microbial community, Biolog, Alfalfa

中图分类号:

Q945.79

李鑫, 张景云, 张萌萌, 鞠成梅, 郑桂英, 张会慧, 蔡敦江, 胡举伟, 孙广玉. 化学除草剂不同施用方法对紫花苜蓿根际土壤微生物群落碳源利用的影响[J]. , 2014, 22(1): 57-64.

LI Xin, ZHANG Jing-yun, ZHANG Meng-meng, JU Cheng-mei, ZHENG Gui-ying, ZHANG Hui-hui, CAI Dun-jiang, HU Ju-wei, SUN Guang-yu. Effects of Chemical Herbicide at Different Spraying Ways on the Carbon Source Metabolism of Soil Microbial Community in Alfalfa Rhizosphere[J]. , 2014, 22(1): 57-64.

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化学除草剂不同施用方法对紫花苜蓿根际土壤微生物群落碳源利用的影响

Effects of Chemical Herbicide at Different Spraying Ways on the Carbon Source Metabolism of Soil Microbial Community in Alfalfa Rhizosphere

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