草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 1071-1080.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.04.016

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

乌蒙山冷凉山区饲用燕麦农艺性状与营养品质评价

杨敏1, 徐树花2, 饶雄2, 高兴发2, 薛玮1,4, 吴欣珈1, 严翊丹1, 徐丽君1, 付廷飞2, 乔正林2   

  1. 1. 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所, 北京 010018;
    2. 云南省曲靖市会泽县农业农村局, 云南 会泽 654200;
    3. 云南省会泽县优质农产品开发有限责任公司, 云南 会泽 654200;
    4. 青岛农业大学资源与环境学院, 山东 青岛 266109
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-09 修回日期:2023-02-15 发布日期:2023-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 徐丽君,E-mail:xulijun@caas.cn
  • 作者简介:杨敏(1999-),男,水族,贵州三都人,硕士研究生,主要从事牧草选育研究,E-mail:947638138@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    云南省重点研发项目“乌蒙山区燕麦提质增效与产品研发关键技术研究与示范”(202003AD150016)；中国工程院咨询项目“乌蒙山区燕麦特色产业高质量发展与乡村振兴研究”(2022-XY-54)；云南省“徐丽君专家工作站”经费(202005AF150074)资助

Evaluation of Agronomic Traits and Nutritional quality of Forage Oats in the Wumeng Mountain Cold Area

YANG Min1, XU Shu-hua2, RAO Xiong2, GAO Xing-fa2, XUE Wei1,4, WU Xin-jia1, YAN Yi-dan1, XU Li-jun1, FU Ting-fei2, QIAO Zheng-lin2   

  1. 1. Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, CAAS, Beijing 010018, China;
    2. Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Huize County, Qujing City, Huize, Yunnan Province 654200, China;
    3. Huize County Quality Agricultural Products Development Co., LTD., Huize, Yunnan Province 654200, China;
    4. College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong Province 266109, China
  • Received:2023-01-09 Revised:2023-02-15 Published:2023-04-28

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摘要： 为高效利用乌蒙山区丰富的冬闲田资源，对17份饲用燕麦(Avena sativa L.)开展了农艺性状与营养成分的比较试验。结果显示，平均生育期为194~226 d，出苗-拔节期时长超过生育期50%；农艺性状变异系数多数高于10%，产量(28.42%)和有效分蘖(30.52%)最高。不同品种粗蛋白(Crude protein，CP)和酸性洗涤纤维(Acid detergent fiber，ADF)含量差异显著(P<0.05)，分别为8.33%~10.13%和25.32%~30.15%；中性洗涤纤维(Neurtral detergent fiber，NDF)含量为50.51%~57.58%，品种差异不显著；相对饲喂价值(Relative feed value，RFV)为106.57~133.83，品种间差异显著(P<0.05)。'永久444’ADF含量显著高于其他品种(P<0.05)，爱沃RFV显著高于其他品种(P<0.05)；各指标间存在密切相关关系，穗粒数与产量正相关(P<0.05)，生育期与CP正相关(P<0.05)；铃铛数、NDF、有效分蘖、CP、产量、茎粗可作为优良品种鉴定主要参考指标。综合显示，'伽利略’、'黄燕麦’表现最好，推荐为当地主推品种。

关键词: 乌蒙山, 饲用燕麦, 冬闲田, 农艺性状, 营养品质

Abstract: In order to efficiently utilize the abundant resources of winter fallow fields in Wumeng Mountain area,a comparative study on agronomic traits and nutritional components of 17 varieties of forage oat (Avena sativa L.). was carried out. The growth period of 17 oat varieties was 194~226 d,and the seeding stage to jointing stage was lasted long for more than 50% growth period. The variation coefficients of most agronomic traits were more than 10%,and the coefficient of yield (28.42%) and number of valid tillers (30.52%) were the highest. The contents of crude protein (CP) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) of 17 varieties differed significantly (P<0.05),which were 8.33%~10.13% and 25.32%~30.15%,respectively. The content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) was 50.51% to 57.58%,with no significant difference among varieties. The relative feeding value (RFV) was 106.57~133.83 with the significant differences among varieties. The ADF content of 'Yongjiu 444’ varieties was significantly higher than those of other varieties (P<0.05). The RFV of 'Everleaf’ varieties was significantly higher than those of other varieties (P<0.05). The most agronomic traits correlated closely with each other,among which the number of grains per ear was positively correlated with yield,and the CP with the growth period. The bell number,NDF,the number of valid tillers,CP,yield and stem diameter can be used as the main reference agronomic traits for identification of excellent varieties. We recommended Galileo variety and Huangyanmai variety as the local main varieties of forage oats due to their best comprehensive performance.

Key words: Wumeng Mountain, Forage oat, Winter fallow field, Agronomic traits, Nutritional quality

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