草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 1281-1292.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.05.002

• 专论与进展 • 上一篇    下一篇

国内外草原调查监测历程与展望

常生华1, 王蕾2, 姜佳昌3, 刘永杰1, 彭泽晨1, 韩天虎3, 黄文广2, 侯扶江1   

  1. 1. 兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室, 农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730020;
    2. 宁夏回族自治区草原工作站, 宁夏 银川 750002;
    3. 甘肃省草原技术推广总站, 甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-08 修回日期:2023-02-11 出版日期:2023-05-15 发布日期:2023-05-31
  • 通讯作者: 侯扶江,E-mail:cyhoufj@lzu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:常生华(1978-)，男，甘肃民勤人，硕士，教授级高级工程师，主要从事草原监测和管理研究，E-mail：cychangsh@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省科技计划项目(20CX9NA104)；宁夏回族自治区林业和草原局重点研发计划(2021NXLCZDYF06)；甘肃省林业和草原局草原生态修复科技支撑(GSLCKJZC202105)；甘肃省林业和草原局科技计划项目-退化草原修复治理监测评估及数据指标体系研究资助

Developments Course and Prospect of Grassland Survey and Monitoring Domestic and Abroad

CHANG Sheng-hua1, WANG Lei2, JIANG Jia-chang3, LIU Yong-jie1, PENG Ze-chen1, HAN Tian-hu3, HUANG Wen-guang2, HOU Fu-jiang1   

  1. 1. College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730020, China;
    2. Ningxia Grassland Workstation, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750002, China;
    3. Grassland Technology Extension Station of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
  • Received:2022-08-08 Revised:2023-02-11 Online:2023-05-15 Published:2023-05-31

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摘要： 草原在我国生态文明建设和草牧业发展中发挥着重大作用,草原调查监测是草原管理的主要手段之一。通过梳理我国及主要草牧业发达国家的草原调查监测发展历程,发现在监测内容上国内外主要经历了从生产指标到生态指标的逐步涵盖;调查监测的方法上国内外均以长期和短期相结合,以长期监测为主,短期监测为辅,随着技术发展,各国均根据草地类型、利用等特点,建立了相对完善的调查监测体系。建议我国在草原监测上应科学布局固定监测点;完善草原长期监测网络体系;建立系统的天地空一体化草原监测技术体系;健全多功能草原监测的指标体系;加强草原监测人员和科技的投入,以推动我国草原监测可持续发展。

关键词: 草原, 调查, 监测, 草地农业

Abstract: Grasslands take an important role in the construction of ecological civilization and the development of grassland husbandry in China. The grassland survey and monitoring is one of the main practices in grassland management. Overviewing the development courses of grassland survey and monitoring in China and the major grass-pastoral developed countries,it could be revealed that the grassland survey and monitoring domestic and abroad underwent the processes from focus on the production indicators to the ecological indicators,while the methods used in the grassland survey and monitoring domestic and abroad were the combination of the long-term and the short-term survey and monitoring approaches,with the long-term survey and monitoring approach dominant. All the countries analyzed in this study has developed a relatively complete system for the grassland survey and monitoring in the course of technology development in the light of the type,utilization and other characteristics of the grasslands in their country. We suggest the survey and monitoring of grasslands in China should set the grassland monitoring sites with the scientific layout, improve the long-term monitoring network of grasslands,establish a systematic space-ground-air integrated grassland monitoring technology system,strengthen the indicator system of multifunctional grassland monitoring;and reinforce the investment of grassland monitors and science and technology,in order to promote the sustainable development of grassland monitoring in China.

Key words: Grassland, Survey, Monitoring, Grassland agriculture

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