黄梁木精油活性成分测定及其对全株玉米青贮有氧稳定的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.09.031

草地学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 2860-2867.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.09.031

黄梁木精油活性成分测定及其对全株玉米青贮有氧稳定的影响

杨丹, 吴硕, 陈丹丹, 张庆

华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院, 广东木本饲料工程技术研究中心, 广东省森林植物种质创新与利用重点实验室, 广东广州 510642

收稿日期:2023-04-26 修回日期:2023-07-05 出版日期:2023-09-15 发布日期:2023-10-07
通讯作者: 张庆,E-mail:zqing1988@126.com
作者简介:杨丹(1999-),女,汉族,硕士研究生,主要从事牧草青贮加工方向研究,E-mail:ydycbwywtb@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发项目(2022YFE0111000-2，2022YFD1300901)资助

Determination of the Active Components of Essential Oil in Neolamarckia cadamba and Its Effect on the Aerobic Stabilization of Whole Plant Corn Silage

YANG Dan, WU Shuo, CHEN Dan-dan, ZHANG Qing

1. College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510642, China

Received:2023-04-26 Revised:2023-07-05 Online:2023-09-15 Published:2023-10-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究黄梁木(Neolamarckia cadamba)精油活性成分和添加黄梁木精油对全株玉米青贮有氧稳定的影响,本试验采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取黄梁木精油,利用气相-质谱联用(GC-MS)分析了黄梁木精油的活性成分。全株玉米(Zea mays)青贮发酵70天后分别添加0.625(N1),1.25(N2),2.5(N4)和3.75(N6)mL·kg^-1黄梁木精油,设空白对照组(CK),测定不同处理的全株玉米青贮的有氧稳定性和有氧暴露7天后发酵品质变化。结果表明,黄梁木精油成分复杂,含有多种代谢物。在全株玉米中添加黄梁木精油可以抑制不良微生物的活性,减少营养物质的损失。有氧暴露7天后,随着精油添加量的增加,全株玉米青贮中干物质含量显著升高(P<0.05),pH值、乳酸菌和酵母菌数量显著降低(P<0.05)。当精油添加量为2.5和3.75 mL·kg^-1时,全株玉米青贮在有氧暴露7天内温度均比较稳定。因此,不同添加量的黄梁木精油均可提高全株玉米青贮有氧稳定性,其中添加2.5 mL·kg^-1时即可保持青贮饲料的有氧稳定性。

关键词: 黄梁木精油, 全株玉米, 青贮, 有氧稳定

Abstract: In order to investigate the active ingredients of the essential oil in Neolamarckia cadamba and its effect on the aerobic stabilization of whole-plant corn silage,this experiment was conducted to extract N. cadamba essential oil by hydrodistillation and analyzed the active components of that oil by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). After 70 days of silage,the whole-plant corn silage was treated with no addition (CK),additions of 0.625 (N1),1.25 (N2),2.5 (N4) and 3.75 (N6) mL·kg^-1 N. cadamba essential oil,and investigated the aerobic stability of the silage under those different treatments and the change in fermentation quality after 7 days of aerobic exposure. The results show that the essential oil of N. cadamba had complex components and contains various metabolites. The addition of essential oil of N. cadamba into whole-plant corn silage inhibited the activity of undesirable microorganisms and reduced the loss of nutrients. After 7 days of aerobic exposure,with the increase of N. cadamba essential oil addition,the dry matter content in the whole-plant corn silage significantly increased (P<0.05),while the pH value,number of lactic acid bacteria and yeast significantly decreased (P<0.05). When the essential oil was added at 2.5 and 3.75 mL·kg^-1,the temperature of whole plant corn silage was relatively stable within 7 days of aerobic exposure. In conclusion,there is potential to add different amount of Neolamarckia cadamba essential oil to improve the aerobic stability of whole-plant corn silage,and addition of N. cadamba essential oil with 2.5 mL·kg^-1 would have beneficial effects on the aerobic stabilization of the corn silage.

Key words: Neolamarckia cadamba essential oil, Whole-plant corn, Silage, Aerobic stability

中图分类号:

S816.5+3

杨丹, 吴硕, 陈丹丹, 张庆. 黄梁木精油活性成分测定及其对全株玉米青贮有氧稳定的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2023, 31(9): 2860-2867.

YANG Dan, WU Shuo, CHEN Dan-dan, ZHANG Qing. Determination of the Active Components of Essential Oil in Neolamarckia cadamba and Its Effect on the Aerobic Stabilization of Whole Plant Corn Silage[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2023, 31(9): 2860-2867.

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黄梁木精油活性成分测定及其对全株玉米青贮有氧稳定的影响

Determination of the Active Components of Essential Oil in Neolamarckia cadamba and Its Effect on the Aerobic Stabilization of Whole Plant Corn Silage

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