草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 203-216.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.01.020

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

青海湖流域草地土壤碳氮含量及密度空间分布特征研究

刘振梅1,2, 曹生奎1,2,3, 侯瑶芳1,2, 雷义珍1,2, 王江1,2, 裴若颖1,2, 丁辰深1,2   

  1. 1. 青海师范大学地理科学学院, 青海省自然地理与环境过程重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810008;
    2. 青海师范大学青藏高原地表过程与生态保育教育部重点实验室, 青海 西宁 810008;
    3. 青海省人民政府-北京师范大学高原科学与可持续发展研究院, 青海 西宁 810008
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-24 修回日期:2025-04-01 发布日期:2025-12-24
  • 通讯作者: 张静,E-mail:caoshengkui@163.com
  • 作者简介:刘振梅（1998-），女，汉族，青海湟源人，硕士研究生，主要从事自然地理学方面研究，E-mail:1615526646@qq.com；
  • 基金资助:
    青海省自然科学基金项目（2023-ZJ-924M）资助

Study on Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Content as well as Their Density in Grasslands of the Qinghai Lake Basin

LIU Zhen-mei1,2, CAO Sheng-kui1,2,3, HOU Yao-fang1,2, LEI Yi-zhen1,2, WANG Jiang1,2, PEI Ruo-ying1,2, DING Chen-shen1,2   

  1. 1. Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environmental Process, School of Geographical Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810008, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810008, China;
    3. Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, People's Government of Qinghai Province and Beijing Normal University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810008, China
  • Received:2025-01-24 Revised:2025-04-01 Published:2025-12-24

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摘要： 本研究在青海湖流域选取163个样地489个样方，采用野外采样与实验分析、数理统计及空间分析等方法研究了该流域草地土壤全碳（Total carbon， TC），有机碳（Soil organic carbon， SOC）和全氮（Total nitrogen， TN）含量及其密度[全碳密度（Total carbon density，TCD）、有机碳密度（Soil organic carbon density，SOCD）和全氮密度（Total nitrogen density，TND）]在不同草地类型中的差异、空间分布特征及其主要影响因素。结果显示：该流域草地0~10 cm，10~20 cm，20~30 cm土层土壤TC平均含量分别为5.60%，4.72%和4.30%；SOC平均含量分别为4.40%，3.70%和3.34%；TN平均含量分别为0.46%，0.37%和0.30%。对应土层TCD平均值分别为5.75 kg·m-2，6.07 kg·m-2和6.01 kg·m-2，SOCD平均值分别为4.53 kg·m-2，4.75 kg·m-2，4.67 kg·m-2，TND平均值分别为0.46 kg·m-2，0.46 kg·m-2和0.42 kg·m-2。土壤碳氮含量在高寒草甸中最高，在高寒荒漠中最低。土壤TC，SOC和TN含量及其密度在流域西北部、青海湖北岸、布哈河和沙柳河河源地区较低，在各河流中游地区较高。0~30 cm土壤有机碳和全氮累积含量及密度主要受多年平均降水量、植被覆盖度和生态系统总初级生产力的共同影响。

关键词: 土壤碳氮含量, 土壤碳氮密度, 空间分布, 青海湖流域

Abstract: In this study， there were 163 selected sampling sites with a total of 489 sampling plots in the grassland of Qinghai Lake Basin. And the spatial distribution characteristics of soil total carbon （TC）， soil organic carbon （SOC）， total nitrogen （TN） content and density （ TCD， SOCD and TND ） in different grassland types were studied by means of field sampling and experimental analysis， mathematical statistics and spatial analysis methods. Results showed that the soil average TC content in the 0-10 cm， 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm layers were 5.60%， 4.72% and 4.30%， respectively. Corresponding SOC content averaged 4.40%， 3.70%， and 3.34%； TN content were 0.46%， 0.37%， and 0.30%. The average values of TCD in the corresponding soil layers were 5.75 kg·m-2， 6.07 kg·m-2 and 6.01 kg·m-2， respectively. The average values of SOCD were 4.53 kg·m-2， 4.75 kg·m-2 and 4.67 kg·m-2， respectively. The average values of TND were 0.46 kg·m-2， 0.46 kg·m-2 and 0.42 kg·m-2，respectively.Alpine meadow soils exhibited the highest carbon and nitrogen contents， whereas alpine desert soils showed the lowest. Spatially， the content and density of soil TC， SOC and TN were lower in the northwestern of the basin， on the northern shore of Qinghai Lake， in the headwaters of Buha river and Shaliu river， and higher in the middle reaches of all rivers. Soil cumulative SOC and TN contents and densities in the 0-30 cm depths were collectively influenced by annual mean precipitation， vegetation coverage， and ecosystem gross primary productivity.

Key words: Soil carbon and nitrogen content, Soil carbon and nitrogen density, Spatial distribution, Qinghai Lake Basin

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