基于植物功能性状与土壤因子的高寒草地生态系统多功能性对放牧强度的响应

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.08.030

草地学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (8): 3081-3090.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.08.030

• 研究论文 • 上一篇

基于植物功能性状与土壤因子的高寒草地生态系统多功能性对放牧强度的响应

南彦斌, 张俊峰, 杨晓霞, 李娜, 刘玉祯, 刘文亭, 董全民

青海大学畜牧兽医科学院/青海省畜牧兽医科学院/青海省高寒草地适应性管理重点实验室/青海大学三江源区高寒草地生态教育部重点实验室, 青海西宁 810016

收稿日期:2026-01-08 修回日期:2026-04-08 发布日期:2026-08-04
通讯作者: 董全民,E-mail:qmdong@qhu.edu.cn
作者简介:南彦斌(1997-),男,汉族,甘肃会宁人,博士研究生,主要从事放牧生态学方向研究,E-mail:3028356591@qq.com
基金资助:
青海大学研究生导师创新团队项目（qddt-2508）资助

Response of the Multifunctionality of the Alpine Grassland Ecosystem to Grazing Intensity Based on Plant Functional Traits and Soil Factors

NAN Yan-bin, ZHANG Jun-feng, YANG Xiao-xia, LI Na, LIU Yu-zhen, LIU Wen-ting, DONG Quan-min

Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University/Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland/Key Laboratory of Alpine Grassland Ecosystem in the Three-River-Source, Ministry of Education, Xining, Qinghai Provonce 810016, China

Received:2026-01-08 Revised:2026-04-08 Published:2026-08-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为揭示放牧强度对高寒草地生态系统多功能性（EMF）的影响机制，本研究选取环青海湖高寒草地作为研究区，设置围栏禁牧、轻度、中度和重度放牧4种处理，分析不同放牧强度对高寒草地植物功能性状、土壤因子及生态系统多功能性（EMF）的影响，结果表明：不同放牧强度显著改变植物群落性状（P<0.05），随放牧程度加剧，群落加权株高、叶面积递减，叶氮和叶磷含量递增，重度放牧下地上和地下生物量显著下降（P<0.05）；土壤呈现氮磷解耦特征，硝态氮、氨态氮含量降低而全磷、速效磷积累，中度放牧对土壤湿度、pH值影响显著（P<0.05）；功能分散指数（FDis）随放牧强度升高而增加，EMF 在中度放牧时达峰值；结构方程模型显示，放牧通过间接调控植物特征、功能分散指数和土壤质量指数（SQI）影响 EMF，土壤质量是关键驱动因子。本研究阐明了放牧强度通过协调植物功能策略与土壤养分格局影响 EMF 的内在机制，为环青海湖高寒草地科学管理提供理论依据。

关键词: 放牧强度, 植物功能性状, 土壤因子, 环青海湖高寒草地, 生态系统多功能性

Abstract: To elucidate the mechanism by which grazing intensity affects ecosystem multifunctionality （EMF） in alpine grasslands. In this study， the alpine grassland of Qinghai Lake was selected as the study area. Four treatments were set up， including grazing prohibition， light grazing， moderate grazing and heavy grazing. The effects of grazing intensity on plant functional traits， soil factors and ecosystem multifunctionality （EMF） were analyzed. The results showed that grazing intensity significantly changed plant community traits （P<0.05）. As grazing intensity increased， community-weighted height and leaf area decreased， while leaf nitrogen and phosphorus contents increased. Aboveground and belowground biomass significantly declined under heavy grazing （P<0.05）. The soil exhibited a decoupling character of nitrogen and phosphorus， with nitrate-nitrogen and ammonium-nitrogen decreasing while total phosphorus and available phosphorus accumulated. Moderate grazing had the most pronounced effects on soil moisture and pH （P<0.05）. The functional dispersion index increased with grazing intensity， and EMF peaked under moderate grazing. The structural equation model showed that grazing indirectly affected ecosystem multifunctionality （EMF） by regulating plant traits， functional dispersion index， and soil quality index （SQI）， with soil quality being the key driving factor. This study elucidated the intrinsic mechanism by which grazing intensities influences EMF through the coordination of plant functional strategies and soil nutrient patterns， providing a theoretical basis for the scientific management of alpine grasslands around Qinghai Lake.

Key words: Grazing intensity, Plant functional traits, Soil factors, Functional diversity, Ecosystem multifunctionality

中图分类号:

S812.6

南彦斌, 张俊峰, 杨晓霞, 李娜, 刘玉祯, 刘文亭, 董全民. 基于植物功能性状与土壤因子的高寒草地生态系统多功能性对放牧强度的响应[J]. 草地学报, 2026, 34(8): 3081-3090.

NAN Yan-bin, ZHANG Jun-feng, YANG Xiao-xia, LI Na, LIU Yu-zhen, LIU Wen-ting, DONG Quan-min. Response of the Multifunctionality of the Alpine Grassland Ecosystem to Grazing Intensity Based on Plant Functional Traits and Soil Factors[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026, 34(8): 3081-3090.

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基于植物功能性状与土壤因子的高寒草地生态系统多功能性对放牧强度的响应

Response of the Multifunctionality of the Alpine Grassland Ecosystem to Grazing Intensity Based on Plant Functional Traits and Soil Factors

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