草地学报

›› 1996, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (2): 87-94.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.1996.02.001

• 研究论文 •    下一篇

亚热带平原区填闲种植冬性牧草的研究(初报)

周寿荣1, 毛凯1, 商在平2   

  1. 1. 四川农业大学, 雅安市625014;
    2. 四川眉山县畜牧局饲草饲料站, 眉山县612160
  • 出版日期:1996-05-15 发布日期:2012-07-11
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金39170163

A Primary Study on Cultivation of Winter Annual Forage Crops on Winter Fallow Paddy Field in low Altitude Plain Area of Subtropical Zone of China

Zhou Shourong1, Mao Kai1, Shang Zaiping2   

  1. 1. Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014;
    2. Herbage and Stock Food Technology Station, Animal Husbandry office, Mei-Shan Country 612160
  • Online:1996-05-15 Published:2012-07-11

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摘要： 1992～1993年在四川眉山县东部,亚热带平原区进行镇闲种植冬性牧草及其与水稻短期轮作的研究。结果表明,紫云英+南苜蓿→水稻、饲用蚕豆+紫云英→水稻、紫云英+饲用油菜→水稻及南苜蓿→水稻等四个处理,在获得较高词料价值(TDOM3.29～4.18t/ha,CP1.02～1.32t/ha,ME2.51～3.04×104MJ/ha)的同时,其水稻产量比对照高12.6～18.0%。混播冬性一年生禾草和豆草与水稻轮作,即意大利黑麦草+紫云英→水稻、意大利黑麦草+南苜蓿→水稻和意大利黑麦草+绒毛野豌豆→水稻三个处理获得了更高的饲料价值(TDOM3.90～4.17t/ha,CP1.13～1.17t/ha,ME2.86～3.04×104MJ/ha),禾草和豆草之间产生了良好的营养互补作用,其后作水稻产量的差异不显著。前四种轮作方式适合于以生产粮食和饲养非反刍动物为主的广大农户,后三种轮作方式更适合于以饲养反刍和其他草食动物的专业户。

关键词: 冬性一年生牧草, 水稻, 短期轮作, 亚热带低海拔地区, 经济生态效益

Abstract: This study was carried out at the subtropical low altitude plain area of Mei-Shan Country of Sichuan Province during the period of 1992 to 1993.The results showed that the four rotation systems i.e,Astragalus sinicus+Medicago hispida→rice, Vicia faba + Astragalus sinicus→rice, Astragalus sinicus+Brasi ca napus→rice and Medicago hispida→rice, obtained good forage values (TDOM 3.29~4.18t/ha, CP 1.02 ~1.32 t/ha, ME 2.51~ 3.04 ×104 MJ/ha), at the same time, obtained a gdri rice yield (8.13~8.52 t/ ha) which increased 12.6~ 18.0% in compared with that of control plots.The rotation systems of mixtures of annual grasses and legumes with rice i.e.Lolium multiflorum + Astragalus sinicus→rice, Lolium multiflo rum + Medicago hispida→rice and Lolium multiflorum + Vicia villosa→rice obtained better forage values (TDOM 3.90~4.17 t/ha, CP 1.13~1.17 t/ha.ME 2.86~3.04 ×104MJ/ha)and the mutual supplement of nutrition than in the former case under the condition without singnificant difference of rice yields between the three treatments and check plots.The former four rotation systems are suitable for those farmers whose main duty is to produce food grain and raise unruminant animals.The latter three rotation systems are more suitable to those special farmers who raise ruminants and otther herbivores.Results also showed that the uti lization efficiency of niche in cropland can be increased much more by mixtures of annual grasses and legumes.

Key words: Annual winter forage crop, Rice, Short-term rotation, Subtropical low altitude area, Economic and ecological effects