黄土高原人工林枯落叶对苜蓿的化感效应

›› 2013, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (1): 92-99.

黄土高原人工林枯落叶对苜蓿的化感效应

李俊¹, 刘增文^1,2, 田楠³, 时腾飞¹

1. 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌 712100;
2. 农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100;
3. 西北农林科技大学林学院, 陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2012-09-14 修回日期:2012-10-25 出版日期:2013-02-15 发布日期:2013-02-27
通讯作者: 刘增文
作者简介:李俊(1986-),女,陕西商洛人,硕士研究生,研究方向为林草生态工程,E-mail:lijun13474176451@yahoo.com.cn;
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31070630)资助

Allelopathic Effects of Plantation Defoliations on Medicago sativa in the Loess Plateau

LI Jun¹, LIU Zeng-wen^1,2, TIAN Nan³, SHI Teng-fei¹

1. College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China;
3. College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China

Received:2012-09-14 Revised:2012-10-25 Online:2013-02-15 Published:2013-02-27

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以苜蓿(Medicago sativa)种子为材料,研究了黄土高原13种人工林当年枯落叶经室内混土分解培养后,所获得的枯落叶分解水浸提液对苜蓿的化感效应。结果表明:对苜蓿种子萌发,油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)、樟子松(Pinus sylvestris var.mongolica)、辽东栎(Quercus liaotungensis)、小叶杨(Populus simonii)、白榆(Ulmus pumila)、柠条(Caragana microphylla)、沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)和紫穗槐(Amorpha fruticosa)落叶水浸液表现为显著抑制作用,而侧柏(Platycladus orientalis)落叶水浸液在中低浓度下表现为显著促进作用;对苜蓿幼苗生长,樟子松、白榆和辽东栎表现为显著抑制作用,侧柏、落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)、小叶杨、刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)、旱柳(Salix matsudana)和白桦(Betula platyphylla)在中低浓度下表现为显著促进作用;对苜蓿幼苗CAT活性,油松、樟子松、落叶松、白榆、刺槐和3种灌木表现为显著抑制作用,侧柏(中低浓度)和小叶杨表现为促进作用;对苜蓿幼苗根系活力,紫穗槐表现为显著促进作用,油松、侧柏、落叶松、小叶杨、旱柳和白桦与之相反,樟子松、白榆和刺槐表现为"低促高抑";对苜蓿叶片叶绿素含量,油松、落叶松、侧柏、辽东栎、旱柳和白桦表现为显著促进作用,樟子松、沙棘和紫穗槐高浓度表现为显著抑制作用。综合对苜蓿的化感效应,辽东栎、白榆和紫穗槐整体上表现为较强的抑制作用,侧柏、白桦和旱柳表现为较强的促进作用,樟子松、落叶松、小叶杨、刺槐、油松、柠条和沙棘表现为"低促高抑"。

关键词: 人工林, 枯落叶, 苜蓿, 化感效应

Abstract: Defoliations were collected from 13 plantations in the Loess Plateau, mixed with soil separately, and then incubated in laboratory. The allelopathic effects of aqueous solutions extracted from these decomposed defoliations on Medicago sativa were studied. Results indicated that Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Quercus liaotungensis, Populus simonii, Ulmus pumila, Caragana microphylla, Hippophae rhamnoides and Amorpha fruticosa defoliations significantly inhibited M. sativa seed germination, but Platycladus orientalis defoliations (at low and middle concentrations) significantly promoted it. P. sylvestris, U. pumila and Q. liaotungensis defoliations significantly inhibited M. sativa seedling growth, whereas P. orientalis, Larix principis-rupprechtii, P. simonii, Robinia pseudoacacia, Salix matsudana and Betula platyphylla defoliations (at low and middle concentrations) significantly promoted it. Promoting effects decreased as the concentration of extracts increased. P. abulaeformis, P. sylvestris, L. principis-rupprechtii, U. pumila, R. pseudoacacia and three broad-leaved shrubs defoliations significantly inhibited the CAT activities of M. sativa seedlings, whereas P. orientalis (at low and middle concentrations) and P. simonii defoliations promoted it. A. fruticosa defoliations significantly improved the root vigor of M. sativa seedlings, whereas P. tabulaeformis, P. orientalis, L. principis-rupprechtii, P. simonii, S. matsudana and B. platyphylla significantly inhibited it. P. sylvestris var. mongolica, U. pumila and R. pseudoacacia promoted it at low concentrations then inhibited it at high concentrations. P. tabulaeformis, L. principis-rupprechtii, P. orientalis, Q. liaotungensis, S. matsudana and B. platyphylla significantly promoted chlorophyll content of M. sativa, whereas P. sylvestris var. mongolica, H. rhamnoides and A. fruticosa (at high concentration) significantly inhibited it. Comprehensive analyses of allelopathic effects indicated that U. pumila, Q. liaotungensis and A. fruticosa overall showed strong inhibition, P. orientalis, B. platyphylla and S. matsudana showed strong promotion; P. sylvestris var. mongolica, L. principis-rupprechtii, P. simonii, R. pseudoacacia, P. tabulaeformis, C. microphylla and H. rhamnoides showed promotion at low concentration then inhibition at high concentration.

Key words: Plantation, Defoliation, Medicago sativa, Allelopathic effects

中图分类号:

Q946
Q948.12

李俊, 刘增文, 田楠, 时腾飞. 黄土高原人工林枯落叶对苜蓿的化感效应[J]. , 2013, 21(1): 92-99.

LI Jun, LIU Zeng-wen, TIAN Nan, SHI Teng-fei. Allelopathic Effects of Plantation Defoliations on Medicago sativa in the Loess Plateau[J]. , 2013, 21(1): 92-99.

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