关键词: 苜蓿, 野生, 逸生, 适生性

Abstract: After investigation in ecological distribution and growth areas of alfalfa in Yunnan, 30 wild and escaped alfalfa germplasm resources were collected as experimental materials. Distribution area, climate, soil characteristics and habitats were systematically studied to explore their population quantity and ecological adaptability. Results were as follows: The alfalfa resources were distributed from N 23°37'49.0″ to 28°34'09.1″ and from E 98°47'31.4″ to 103°53'15.9″. The altitude of distribution area ranged from 1122 m to 2661 m with annual precipitation of 300～1000 mm, and soil water content ranged from 0.79% to 6.20%. The soil pH value changed from 4.30 to 8.37. The soils were barren. According to habitat, alfalfa could be classified as weed land type, dry and hot river type, plateau and mountain type. In the collecting sites, the dominant species and companion species of community included 45 species of 18 families. Most of alfalfa resources distributed sparsely, but Deqin alfalfa distributed in large and continuous area as dominant species in Deqin County. Distribution areas of wild and escaped alfalfa germplasm resources in Yunnan were wide and the habitat was various. Moreover, these resources had broad adaptability and strong competitive strength, in which contained rich breeding materials of stress resistance.

Key words: Alfalfa, Wild, Escaped, Ecological adaptability