覆膜种植方式对东祁连山区苜蓿草地土壤温度和水分的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.02.008

草地学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 321-329.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.02.008

覆膜种植方式对东祁连山区苜蓿草地土壤温度和水分的影响

景媛媛, 贺翔, 徐长林, 鱼小军

甘肃农业大学草业学院, 草业生态系统教育部重点实验室, 中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心, 甘肃省草业工程实验室, 甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2017-09-29 修回日期:2018-03-24 出版日期:2018-04-15 发布日期:2018-07-05
通讯作者: 鱼小军
作者简介:景媛媛(1990-),女,甘肃定西人,硕士,助理研究员,E-mail:jabigail@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“高寒草地综合利用关键技术及适应性管理研究与示范”（2016YFC0501904）与陇原青年创新创业人才项目资助

Effects of Different Film-Mulching Planting Patterns on Soil Temperature and Water Moisture of Alfalfa Grassland in Eastern Qilian Mountain Area

JING Yuan-yuan, HE Xiang, XU Chang-lin, YU Xiao-jun

College of Grassl and Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education in Sino-U. S, Center for Grassland Ecosystem Sustainability, Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China

Received:2017-09-29 Revised:2018-03-24 Online:2018-04-15 Published:2018-07-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高寒地区耐寒苜蓿品种和适宜栽培技术的缺乏，严重阻碍着该区域旱作苜蓿和草地畜牧业的发展。于东祁连山甘肃天祝高寒牧区通过设置平膜全覆、垄沟覆膜、垄沟覆膜+覆土和垄沟（不覆膜）4种种植方式，探讨不同种植方式对苜蓿草地土壤温度和水分的影响，旨在为祁连山高寒区苜蓿的高产栽培提供理论依据。结果表明，高寒区平膜全覆种植方式的增温效果最佳，其次为垄沟覆膜、垄沟，垄沟覆膜+覆土最弱。地膜提温主要在苜蓿生长初期（5月）和生长期（6-7月），主要集中在0~15 cm的浅层土壤。5-9月平膜全覆0~25 cm土层白天平均温度为19.83 ℃，分别比垄沟覆膜、垄沟覆膜+覆土和垄沟处理同期同层高出1.85 ℃、3.04 ℃和2.98 ℃。垄沟覆膜处理下土壤含水量最大，其土壤含水量比平膜全覆、垄沟覆膜+覆土和垄沟处理的土壤含水量高4.3%~14.5%，4.2%~13.8%和14.3%~24.8%。平膜全覆对天祝高寒区苜蓿生长在温度上的贡献最大，而垄沟覆膜在水分上的贡献最大。

关键词: 苜蓿, 覆膜, 高寒区域, 地温, 水分

Abstract:

The lack of cold-resistance alfalfa varieties and appropriate cultivation techniques has seriously hindered the development of dry land alfalfa and grassland husbandry in alpine area. In order to provide a theoretical basis for cultivation of high-yielding alfalfa, four planting method treatments included A:Film mulching parallel to the ground, B:film mulching on ridge and furrow, C:film mulching on ridge and furrow + soil cover, and D:ridge and furrow planting patterns were designed on Tianzhu alpine pastoral located on Eastern Qilian mountain area by testing soil temperature and moisture. The results showed that the warming effect of treatment A was best, then treatment B, treatment C was the weakest. Soil temperature of film treatment increased in the early growth stage (May) and growing stage (June and July). Effects on temperature mainly concentrated in the soil from 0 to 15 cm. The average daytime temperature of treatment A in soil layer from 0 to 25 cm from May to September was 19.83℃, which was 1.85℃, 3.04℃, and 2.98℃ higher than treatment of B, C, and D, respectively. Soil moisture of treatment B was the largest, it was higher than A, C and D for 4.3% to 14.5%, 4.2% to 13.8% and 14.3% to 24.8%, respectively. Treatment A had a great contribution to the temperature of alfalfa grown in Tianzhu alpine area, while treatment B was on soil moisture.

Key words: Alfalfa, Film, Alpine area, Soil temperature, Water

中图分类号:

S541.2
S152

景媛媛, 贺翔, 徐长林, 鱼小军. 覆膜种植方式对东祁连山区苜蓿草地土壤温度和水分的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2018, 26(2): 321-329.

JING Yuan-yuan, HE Xiang, XU Chang-lin, YU Xiao-jun. Effects of Different Film-Mulching Planting Patterns on Soil Temperature and Water Moisture of Alfalfa Grassland in Eastern Qilian Mountain Area[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2018, 26(2): 321-329.

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覆膜种植方式对东祁连山区苜蓿草地土壤温度和水分的影响

Effects of Different Film-Mulching Planting Patterns on Soil Temperature and Water Moisture of Alfalfa Grassland in Eastern Qilian Mountain Area

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