草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 964-970.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.04.023

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

施氮对晋北燕麦饲草主要农艺性状及干物质产量的影响

孙建平1, 薛竹慧1, 杨国义2, 赵祥1, 董宽虎1,2   

  1. 1. 山西农业大学动物科技学院, 山西 太谷 030801;
    2. 山西省牧草工作站, 山西 太原 030001
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-05 修回日期:2018-07-09 出版日期:2018-08-15 发布日期:2018-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 董宽虎
  • 作者简介:孙建平(1993-),男,山西临汾人,硕士研究生,主要从事草地生态学研究,E-mail:sunjianping0317@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（31572452）与山西省牧草工作站牧草区域试验项目资助

Effects of Nitrogen Addition on the Yield and Quality of Oat in Northern Shanxi

SUN Jian-ping1, XUE Zhu-hui1, YANG Guo-yi2, ZHAO Xiang1, DONG Kuan-hu1,2   

  1. 1. College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi Province 030801, China;
    2. Shanxi Grassland Station, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030001, China
  • Received:2018-03-05 Revised:2018-07-09 Online:2018-08-15 Published:2018-09-20

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摘要： 为探究晋北农牧交错带燕麦（Avena sativa）生产的最佳施氮量，以饲用燕麦‘牧王’为研究材料，采用完全随机区组设计，测定不同施氮量（0，30，60，90，120，150，180 kg·hm-2）对燕麦农艺性状和干物质产量的影响，同时对施氮量与干物质产量进行回归分析，对干物质产量与农艺性状进行相关性分析和通径分析。结果表明，施氮对燕麦株高、茎粗、旗叶叶面积有显著影响（P<0.05），施氮量与干物质产量成极显著的二次曲线关系，干物质产量的理论最大值为9.89 t·hm-2，施氮量为93.75 kg·hm-2。相关性和通径分析表明，干物质产量（y）与各农艺性状的相关关系大小顺序依次为：株高（x1） > 叶面积（x4） > 鲜干比（x6） > 穗长（x3） > 茎粗（x2） > 叶茎比（x5），其中除了与鲜干比呈极显著负相关以外，与其他性状均成极显著的正相关关系。干物质产量与株高和茎粗的最优回归方程为y=-9.583+0.123x1+0.803x2（R2=0.611，F=14.149**）。综合结果分析，该地区燕麦的适宜施氮量为90~120 kg·hm-2。

关键词: 施氮, 农艺性状, 干物质产量, 通径分析

Abstract: In order to explore the optimum amount of nitrogen fertilizer for the production of oats in agro-pasture ecotone in North Shanxi. This study was a a completely randomized block design,and oat variety ‘Haymaker’ was used as the research material to determine the responses of main agronomic traits and dry matter yield of oat to different nitrogen rates (0,30,60,90,120,150,and 180 kg·hm-2). Regression analysis of N levels and dry matter yield,dry matter yield and agronomic traits correlation and path analysis were carried out. The results showed that N addition levels had significant effects on plant height,stem diameter and flag leaf area (P<0.05). Nitrogen addition levels had significant correlation with dry matter yield (P<0.05). The theoretical maximum dry matter yield was 9.89 t·hm-2,and the nitrogen level was 93.75 kg·hm-2. Correlation analysis and path analysis indicated that the order of the correlation between dry matter yield (y) and agronomic traits was plant height (x1) > leaf area (x4) > fresh ratio (x6) > Stem diameter (x2) > leaf-stem ratio (x5). Except for the extremely significant negative correlation between dry matter yield and fresh-dry ratio,other indicators had a significant positive correlation with dry matter yield. The optimal regression equation of dry matter yield and plant height and stem thickness was y=-9.583+0.123x1+0.803x2(R2=0.611,F=14.149**). Plant height and stem diameter were the most important agronomic traits to affect the dry matter yield of oats,with the total impact reaching 61.1%. Comprehensive analysis showed that the best N addition levels were 90~120 kg·hm-2for oat in agro-pasture ecotone in North Shanxi.

Key words: Nitrogen addition, Agronomic traits, Dry matter yield, Path analysis

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