放牧和长期围封对祁连山高寒草甸优势牧草营养品质的影响

doi:10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.06.010

草地学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (6): 1354-1362.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2018.06.010

放牧和长期围封对祁连山高寒草甸优势牧草营养品质的影响

姚喜喜¹, 宫旭胤^2,3, 张利平¹, 焦婷⁴, 陶海霞⁵, 郭斌⁵, 张爱琴⁵, 吴建平^1,2,3

1. 甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院, 甘肃兰州 730070;
2. 甘肃省农科院畜草与绿色农业研究所, 甘肃兰州 730070;
3. 甘肃省牛羊种质与秸秆资源研究利用重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730070;
4. 甘肃农业大学草业学院, 甘肃兰州 730070;
5. 甘肃省农科院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所, 甘肃兰州 730070

收稿日期:2018-06-11 修回日期:2018-09-27 出版日期:2018-12-15 发布日期:2019-01-28
通讯作者: 吴建平
作者简介:姚喜喜(1989-),男,甘肃镇原人,博士研究生,主要从事草地放牧生态管理和秸秆饲料化利用研究,E-mail:1468046362@qq.com
基金资助:
国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系饲养管理与圈舍环境岗位科学家任务支持（CARS-39-18）；公益性行业（农业）科研专项-北方作物秸秆饲用化利用技术研究与示范（201503134）；国家自然科学基金（#31460592）资助

Effects of Grazing and Long-term Fencing on Nutritive Values of Dominant Species in Alpine Meadow of Qilian Mountains

YAO Xi-xi¹, GONG Xu-yin^2,3, ZHANG Li-ping¹, JIAO Ting⁴, TAO Hai-xia⁵, GUO Bin⁵, ZHANG Ai-qing⁵, WU Jian-ping^1,2,3

1. College of animal science and technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
2. Animal Husbandry, Pasture and Green Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Germplasm and Straw Resources in Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730070, China;
4. College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
5. Institute of Agricultural Qualitiy Standards and Testing Technology, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China

Received:2018-06-11 Revised:2018-09-27 Online:2018-12-15 Published:2019-01-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究放牧、长期围封对祁连山高寒草甸优势牧草营养品质的影响，采用野外采样、室内测定和数据统计分析相结合的方法，对放牧和长期围封高寒草甸4个优势种牧草[（嵩草（Kobresia humilis）、珠芽蓼（Polygonum viviparum L）、金露梅（Potentilla fruticosa L）和锦鸡儿（Caragana sinica Rehder）]营养品质年际和月际变化的影响及其相互关系展开研究。结果表明：与长期围封相比，放牧显著增加了嵩草、珠芽蓼和锦鸡儿粗蛋白（CP）和消化率（DMD），显著降低了中性洗涤纤维（NDF）（P<0.05）；放牧和长期围封对4个优势种牧草CP、DMD和NDF的影响表现出明显的年际和月际变化规律，即多雨年份CP和DMD显著高于干旱年份（P<0.05）；返青季6月份CP和DMD显著高于枯黄季9月份，NDF则与之相反；放牧和年份、月份互作对4个优势种营养品质影响各有不同。本研究能为草原长期围封和解封提供理论参考，对草原管理和利用具重要意义。

关键词: 放牧, 长期围封, 优势种, 营养品质, 互作效应

Abstract: In order to study the effects of grazing and long-term fencing on the nutritive value of dominant species in an alpine meadow of National Nature Reserve of Qilian Mountains. We used the combined analytical method including collecting in field,measuring in lab and analyzing statistics to study the effects of grazing and long-term fencing on the inter-annual,inter-month variations and their interactions of nutritive values of four dominant species[Kobresia humilis,Polygonum viviparum L.,Potentilla fruticosa L. and Caragana sinica Rehder]. The results showed that compared with long-term fencing treatment,grazing significantly increased (P<0.05) the crude protein (CP) and dry matter digestibility (DMD) content of Kobresia humilis,Polygonum viviparum L. and Caragana sinica Rehder,and significantly decreased (P<0.05) the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content;The effects of grazing and long-term fencing on inter-annual and inter-month of four dominant species nutritive value showed obvious change regulation,that is,CP and DMD of species in the wetter year were significantly higher (P<0.05) than in the drier year;CP and DMD at the early June were significantly higher than at the end of September in the growing season,the NDF conversely;The interaction effects of grazing and years and months were different on the nutritional quality of four dominant species. This paper provided a certain reference value for long-term fencing and removed fencing of grassland,and had important significance for grassland management and utilization.

Key words: Grazing, Long-term fencing, Dominant species, Nutritive values, Interaction effects

中图分类号:

S812

姚喜喜, 宫旭胤, 张利平, 焦婷, 陶海霞, 郭斌, 张爱琴, 吴建平. 放牧和长期围封对祁连山高寒草甸优势牧草营养品质的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2018, 26(6): 1354-1362.

YAO Xi-xi, GONG Xu-yin, ZHANG Li-ping, JIAO Ting, TAO Hai-xia, GUO Bin, ZHANG Ai-qing, WU Jian-ping. Effects of Grazing and Long-term Fencing on Nutritive Values of Dominant Species in Alpine Meadow of Qilian Mountains[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2018, 26(6): 1354-1362.

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放牧和长期围封对祁连山高寒草甸优势牧草营养品质的影响

Effects of Grazing and Long-term Fencing on Nutritive Values of Dominant Species in Alpine Meadow of Qilian Mountains

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