草地学报

草地学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 349-357.DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2023.02.006

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

甘肃陇西黄芩灰霉病病原菌分离鉴定及田间药剂防治

孙雪艳1, 蒋晶晶2, 杜蕙2, 陈爱昌3, 张敏敏4, 漆永红2   

  1. 1. 临洮县农业技术推广中心, 甘肃 定西 730500;
    2. 甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730070;
    3. 定西市植保植检站, 甘肃 定西 743000;
    4. 甘肃省农业科学院生物技术研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-22 修回日期:2022-09-25 发布日期:2023-02-28
  • 通讯作者: 张敏敏,E-mail:zhangmm@gsagr.ac.cn;漆永红,E-mail:qiyonghong920@gsagr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:孙雪艳(1973-),女,甘肃临洮人,学士,高级农艺师,主要从事中药材等经济作物栽培及试验示范推广,E-mail:1419302334@qq.com;蒋晶晶(1988-),女,甘肃榆中人,硕士,助理研究员,主要从事经济作物病害综合防控,E-mail:jingjingziyu@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省农业科学院创新专项(2020GAAS38,2019GAAS43,2020GAAS25)；兰州市科技计划项目(2022-2-93)；国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0201100)资助

Identification of Grey Mould Pathogens Isolation from Scutellaria baicalensis and Fungicides Control in Field in Longxi,Gansu

SUN Xue-yan1, JIANG Jing-jing2, DU Hui2, CHEN Ai-chang3, ZHANG Min-min4, QI Yong-hong2   

  1. 1. Lintao Agricultural Extension Center, Dingxi, Gansu Province 730500, China;
    2. Institute of Plant Protection, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China;
    3. Plant Protection Station, Dingxi, Gansu Province 743000, China;
    4. Institute of Biotechnology, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730070, China
  • Received:2022-08-22 Revised:2022-09-25 Published:2023-02-28

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摘要： 为探明黄芩(Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi)茎基部和根部灰霉病的病原菌，本文于2019—2021年春季对甘肃陇西县采集的黄芩病样进行病原菌的分离培养，运用形态学和内转录间隔区(Internal transcribed spacer,ITS)、甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶(Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,G3PDH)、热激蛋白60(Heat shock protein 60,HSP60)和RNA聚合酶亚基II (The second largest subunit of the nuclear RNA polymerase enzyme II,RPB2)多基因方法鉴定，采用菌丝生长抑制法进行药剂室内毒力测定和田间药剂防治试验。结果表明：引起黄芩灰霉病的病原菌为灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)，春季发病时表现为地上部分枯死不发芽，靠近地表的根表面呈暗绿色水渍状，随后地下根木质部变软呈黄褐色腐烂，病健交界明显；室内毒力测定表明，97%咯菌腈对灰葡萄孢菌的抑菌作用最强，EC50为0.0192 mg·L-1，其次为98%啶酰菌胺和97%腐霉利，EC50分别为1.2480和1.7585 mg·L-1；田间药剂防治试验表明，20%咯菌腈SC对黄芩灰霉病的防效最高，达76.07%。上述研究为黄芩灰霉病病害诊断和田间药剂防治提供重要理论依据。

关键词: 黄芩, 灰霉病, 灰葡萄孢, 毒力测定, 药剂防治

Abstract: The aim of this study was to explore pathogens that harmed stem base and root and caused grey mould in Scutellaria baicalensis. The typical samples with grey mould were collected in Longxi County,Gansu Province in the spring of 2019 to 2021,and fungi were isolated and cultured. The morphological method and molecular identification based on multiple genes,including internal transcribed spacer (ITS),glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH),heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) and the second largest subunit of the nuclear RNA polymerase enzyme II (RPB2),were used to determine the pathogens. Meanwhile,toxicity test was determined by hyphal growth inhibition,and fungicides experiments were conducted in the field. The results showed that Botrytis cinerea was the pathogen responsible for grey mold in S. baicalensis. When the disease occurred in spring,the sprouts did not come out of the soil and the aboveground plant parts died. The root surface near the ground turned dark green and watery,and the xylem of the underground root became soft and brown rot,while the boundary between the rot and healthy root parts was obvious. Toxicity test showed that 97% Fludioxonil had the strongest inhibition for B. cinerea,with EC50of 0.0192 mg·L-1,followed by 98% Boscalid and 97% Procymidone with EC50 of 1.2480 and 1.7585 mg·L-1 respectively. Field experiments showed that 20% Fludioxonil SC had the best performance and the control efficacy reached 76.07%. The above results provided an important theoretical basis for the disease diagnosis and field control of S. baicalensis grey mould.

Key words: Scutellaria baicalensis, Grey mould, Botrytis cinerea, Toxicity test, Fungicides control

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